Msambo

Syphilitic dazi (alopecia syphilitica) yachiwiri ya syphilis imatha kukhala yokhazikika komanso yopaka, komanso kulimbikira kwakanthawi kochepa komwe kumatsikira tsitsi pamalowo pambuyo pochiritsa zilonda zam'mimba zopweteka kwambiri.

Thupi laling'ono la syphilitic alopecia (alopecia syphilitica areolaris) ndi chizindikiro cha pathognomonic cha syphilis yachiwiri.

Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe osachedwa, opita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono pamutu wamatenda ang'onoang'ono otayika atsitsi ndi m'mimba mwake wa 1-1.5 cm. Matamba a dazi ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira osakonzedwa, amakonzedwa mosiyanasiyana, samakula mosagwirizana ndipo samalumikizana. Sikuti tsitsi lonse limapezeka m'malo azotupa, chifukwa khungu limakhala lofanana ndi "ubweya wodya njenjete". Pang'onopang'ono pa alopecia, redness, kutsokomola ndi kuchepa kwa khungu kulibe. Matamba a dazi a locus amamangidwa makamaka m'malo a temporoparietal ndi ma occipital, nthawi zambiri samawonedwa m'malo a kukula kwa ndevu, masharubu, pubis, nthawi zina pamashiya ndi eyelashes. Ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kukula bwino kwa tsitsi kumapeto kwa eyelashes, omalizirawo amakhala ndi gawo losakwanira (eyelashes-mawonekedwe, chizindikiro cha Pincus).

Diffuse syphilitic alopecia (alopecia syphilitica diffusa) amadziwika ndi kupweteka kwambiri pachimake pa tsitsi pakalibe kusintha kulikonse pakhungu. Kuchepetsa tsitsi nthawi zambiri kumayambira ndi akachisi ndipo kumafalikira m'makanda. Kuopsa kwa syphilitic alopecia ndi

zosiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku tsitsi lomwe silioneka pang'ono, pang'ono pang'ono kukula kwa kusintha kwa thupi, mpaka tsitsi pafupifupi 100 patsiku, kumaliza dazi. Nthawi zina tsitsi limangogwera pakhungu, nthawi zina, alopecia pa kukula kwa ndevu ndi masharubu, nsidze, eyelashes ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawonjezera chizindikiro ichi - tsitsi lonse kuphatikiza ndi fluffy, limatuluka.

Mwa odwala ena, osati alopecia okha amadziwika, koma tsitsi lenilenilo limasintha, lomwe limakhala loonda, louma, losalala, nthawi zina limakhala lolimba, lofanana ndi tsitsi.

Yaying'ono yokhazikika ndikuyambitsa alopecia imatha kuwonedwa nthawi yomweyo mu wodwala yemweyo (alopecia syphilitica mixta).

Syphilitic alopecia imachitika, monga lamulo, chaka choyamba cha matenda, nthawi zambiri nthawi yoyamba yoyambirira, koma imadziwika pambuyo pa milungu itatu pambuyo pake pakawoneka zotupa pakhungu, lomwe limafanana ndi nthawi yanthawi yochepa yotayika tsitsi litatha. Syphilitic alopecia imatha kukhalapo popanda chithandizo chapadera kwa miyezi 2-3, ndiye kuti kukula kwa tsitsi kumabwezeretsedwa kwathunthu. Mothandizidwa ndi antisyphilitic mankhwala, atatha masiku 10-5, kutsika kwa tsitsi kumayima ndipo pakatha milungu 6 - 6, dazi limazimiririka.

Pathogenesis ya syphilitic alopecia sichiri chimodzimodzi.

Alopecia yaying'ono yokhazikika imachitika chifukwa chazomwe zimachitika pang'onopang'ono pa follicle ya tsitsi komanso kukulira kwa zochitika zotupa kuzungulira kuzungulira zomwe zimasokoneza chakudya cha tsitsi. Malingaliro awa amatsimikiziridwa ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wazakale zomwe zimawululira kulowetsamo kwinakwake kuzungulira mafiyilo, wopangidwa makamaka ndi ma lymphocyte ndi ma cell a plasma. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa chizindikiro cha dystrophic m'dera lamabowo a tsitsi kumadziwika.

Diffuse alopecia imachitika chifukwa cha kuledzera kwa syphilitic, kapena chifukwa cha syphilis kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi ma endocrine omwe amawongolera magwiridwe antchito a tsitsi.

Kusiyanitsa mitundu.Zizindikiro zosokoneza alopecia zimatha kukhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Tsitsi mwa izi limatuluka msanga kapena pang'onopang'ono. Matenda opatsirana a syphilitic alopecia nthawi zambiri amakhala osasiyana ndi kusowa kwa tsitsi mosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chake, mwa onse odwala omwe amayamba mwadzidzidzi amayambitsa alopecia a etiology yachilendo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tidziwe momwe phokoso la magazi limachitikira. Diffuse alopecia odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pachimake (fuluwenza, typhoid, malungo ofiira, malungo, ndi zina zotere) amayamba kwambiri, nthawi zambiri nthawi ya convalescence. Mu khungu limatsitsa, munthu amayeneranso kukumbukira matenda amtundu wa endocrine (tchire England, chithokomiro, matenda a shuga), pakati, kulera kwapakamwa, matenda a chiwindi (hepatitis, cirrhosis), ma neoplasms ena owopsa (lymphogranulomatosis) ndi ena

Kuchepetsa tsitsi kumatha kuwonedwa pakumeza anticoagulants, mankhwala a mtima, cytostatics, psychotropic, mankhwala omwe amachepetsa ntchito ya chithokomiro, poizoni wa mankhwala opha mankhwala a thallium, etc.

Dazi la nesting (alopecia areata) limadziwika ndi mawonekedwe mwadzidzidzi pamasamba amodzi kapena zingapo zazing'ono zazing'ono zozungulira tsitsi. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwawoko kwamadazi amtambo kapena kusakanikirana kwawo, malo akulu ammbali ndi awiri apakati mpaka 5-10 masentimita amawoneka, okhala ndi konsekonse kapena koyenda m'mphepete. Khungu lomwe limakhala pamadazi poyambirira limatha kukhala la pinki komanso kutupa, koma limayamba kuoneka bwino.

Malo ake ndi osalala, owala. Tsitsi m'mphepete mwa dazi nthawi yakula imatha kutulutsidwa mosavuta. Kenako, kukula kwa kukhazikika kwa dazi kumayima ndipo pakatha miyezi ingapo, kangapo, tsitsi limabwezeretseka kwathunthu. Kuphatikiza pa scalp, khola lachiberekero limatha kuchitika m'dera la kukula kwa ndevu, pa pubis, nsidze. Nthawi zina ma alopecia areata amasintha kukhala alopecia kwathunthu ndi kutayika kwa nthawi yayitali yokha komanso tsitsi losalala. Nest ndi alopecia kwathunthu amakonda kubwereranso m'mbuyo.

Superquicial trichophytosis ndi micosporia ya scalp amadziwika ndi mapangidwe angapo ang'onoang'ono ozungulira foci chifukwa kupatulira tsitsi. Khungu lomwe limatuluka m'matumbo limakhala ndi utoto wofiirira ndipo limakutidwa ndi mamba owoneka oyera amaso. Tsitsi lomwe limakhudzidwa limasweka mtunda wa 2-3 mm pamwamba pa khungu kapena m'malo opumira. Pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kwambiri, cholinga cha kupatulira tsitsi ndikuwonjezeka ndipo zimatha kuphatikizana.

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayambira kuubwana ndipo amakhala zaka zambiri. Ndi microsporia, gawo latsitsi latsitsi limatha kukhudzidwa ngati trichophytosis, kapena tsitsi lonse la lesion foci limasweka kutalika kwa 4-6 mm pamwamba pa khungu ndipo limawoneka kuti limadulidwa. Nthawi zambiri, tsitsi lomwe limakhudzidwa limakutidwa ndi chivundikiro choyera cha spores.

Kukongola kwa khungu kumadziwika ndi kutupa kwa khungu, mawonekedwe owoneka ngati kutumphuka, onyezimira achikaso owoneka bwino, okhala ndi malo owuma. Tsitsi likakhudzidwa, amayamba kutha, kuzimiririka, kutuwa komanso kutuluka osaphulika.

Pambuyo pakuwongolera njira yotupa ndi kuchepa kwa tsitsi pamutu, ma cicatricial atrophy ya pakhungu ndi alopecia wolimbikira amapangidwa.

Kuzindikirika kwa trichophytosis, micosporia ndi favus kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndikuwunika kwakukulu kwa khungu ndi mawonekedwe a khungu ndi kudziwika kwa mafangayi omwe ali mwa iwo.

Dazi loyambirira (alopecia praematura). Matendawa amawonetsedwa mwa amuna ochepera zaka 20, omwe nthawi zambiri amadwala seborrhea, ophatikizika ndi dandruff. Kutsika kwanu kwa tsitsi kumayamba ndi madera oyang'ana kutsogolo a parietal ndi korona. Tsitsi limayamba kuchepera, kenako nkuzimiririka.Dazi losalekeza limachitika zaka 25-30.

Cicatricial alopecia (Broca's pseudopelada) imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a zigawo za acicatricial alopecia pamalonda, zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osasinthika, nthawi zina zimaphatikizika. Mu gawo loyambirira la matendawa, kupanikizana kwapafupipafupi ndi kusawerengeka kumawonedwa; mtsogolo, chiwonetsero cha khungu lokha popanda zizindikiro za kutupa chimadziwika. Kwa nthawi yayitali, komabe, tsitsi limodzi limatha kukhalabe mu lesion foci.

Yochepa kapena yodziwika kwambiri ya alopecia yaicicic imatha kuchitika chifukwa chovulala, kuwotcha, furunculosis, mitundu yakuya ya dermatomycosis.

Discoid ndi kufalikira kwa lupus erythematosus pakhungu ndi scalp kumawonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro: erythema, hyperkeratosis ndi cicatricial atrophy. Foci of lesion pamutu nthawi zambiri imakhala yofunika kwambiri, ndipo, poyamba, maonekedwe ofiira owoneka pang'ono ofiira ndi hyperkeratosis. Pambuyo pakuwonetsetsa mawanga, mimbulu ya ma cicatricial komanso khola lopitilira. Zowonongeka zokhazokha pamalonda ndizosowa.

Red lichen planus (lansalu yopanda tsitsi, Picardi - Little - Lassuer syndrome). Chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha matendawa chimadziwika ndi ma follicular papules pakhungu ndi alopecia m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lalitali komanso lotentha. Mavuto azidziwitso amatuluka ngati odwala ali ndi cicatricial alopecia kokha pa tsitsi lakumaso. Muzochitika izi, chidwi chikuyenera kulipidwa kuti pakhale ma follicular papules patsinde la alopecia.

Mitundu ndi mafomu

Madokotala amasiyanitsa mitundu itatu ya syphilitic alopecia:

• Zovuta imayamba ndi akachisi ndipo ndizovuta kumangiriza ku matenda a syphilis omwe. Palibe zizindikiro zodziwika zomwe munthu angadziwe kuti ali ndi vutoli. Matendawa amawonekera pokhapokha syphilis kapena nthawi yogwira.

• Alopecia areata imayamba ndi zigawo za mizimu komanso zakanthawi, zotupa zazikulu ngati ndalama imodzi kapena ziwiri, zosakhazikika. Tsitsi silimagwa kwathunthu, koma izi sizingakhudze mutu chabe, komanso madera ena aubweya - nsidze, masharubu, komanso tsitsi lakumaso.

• Alopecia wosakanikirana - Uku ndi kuphatikiza kwa mitundu iwiri yoyambayo. Dazi limayamba mosavomerezeka komanso mwachangu. Mukayamba chithandizo pakapita nthawi, kutayikako kumayima kenako kuphimba tsitsi pamadazi kubwezeretsedwanso.

Tcherani khutu! Mwa mitundu yonse ya syphilitic alopecia, mitundu yosakanizidwa imawonedwa ndi madokotala kuti ndiowopsa komanso ochiritsika.

Syphilitic alopecia imayamba, kuyambira ndi kanthawi kochepa kamutu. Kufalikira kumathamanga kwambiri. Zikuwoneka ngati dazi labwinobwino loledzera moopsa, koma zonse sizilivulaza. Pali khola lotere mosayembekezereka, likuyenda patsogolo kwambiri.

Ngati nthendayi yapakati (matenda a syphilis) ichiritsidwa, ndiye kuti pakatha milungu iwiri tsitsi limaleka kutuluka. atachotsa nthendayi, kukula kwa tsitsi kumabwezeretsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo m'miyezi iwiri itatu madera omwe alibe amabalanso ndi tsitsi latsopano.

Zizindikirazi zimaphatikizanso: kufalikira kwadongosolo kwamadazi m'mutu wonse, kuvuta kuzindikira kwa syphilis panthawiyi, kutha kwa kutayika kwa masiku 10 pambuyo povulaza thupi.

Njira zochizira

Mankhwalawa a syphilitic alopecia, ntchito yayikulu ndikuthana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa, kenako ndikupanga kukula kwa tsitsi.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa maphunziro a vitamini, omwe athandizira kubwezeretsa tsitsi pang'onopang'ono. Maphunzirowa ndiwotalikirapo, opumira pang'ono, ngati kuli kotheka - ndikusintha kwa zovuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito Pyrogenal pamankhwala, mlingo umakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, mpaka 15 mg.

Mafuta a Corticosteroid ndi mankhwala omwe amalumikizidwa ndi mankhwala amagwira ntchito moyenera. Mankhwala amakono a corticosteroid amachita makamaka pamadera ena omwe ayenera kuthandizidwa. Kapangidwe ka zochita zawo ndikusokoneza ma prostaglandins, omwe amachititsa kutupa mthupi. Komabe, pali zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo: chifuwa chachikulu, shuga, potaziyamu, matenda aimpso, matenda oopsa.

Dokotala atha kukulemberani mankhwala otsatirawa:

• Dermoveit. Zimaphatikizapo zigawo zamphamvu za mahomoni, zimagwira ntchito mwachangu, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimitsa njirayi, ndiye kuti alopecia imathandizidwa ndi njira zopepuka. Mtengo wake ndi 420-540 p.

• Fluorocort. Glucocorticosteroids pakuphatikizika kwa mafuta simalola kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi pa nthawi yapakati, yoyamwitsa, zaka 18 zisanachitike. Imagwira pamitundu yonse ya alopecia, imapangitsa kukhuthala kwamitsempha yamagalimoto, kumathandizira kukhazikitsa kagayidwe kazakudya, michere ya tsitsi. Mtengo 260-350 p.

• Advantan. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi prednisone. Mankhwala amachepetsa chifuwa, kusenda, kutupa, kuyunkhira, kuthetsa kutupa. Khungu lowuma limanyowa. Mtengo uli mndandanda wa 650-1300 p.

• Wogulitsa. Mafuta okhala ndi glamicin ndi betamethasone. Imasiya kutupa, imakhazikitsa kagayidwe kachakudya m'malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi khungu. Mtengo wa mankhwalawa ndi pafupifupi 250-450 p.

• Beloderm. Mankhwala a Corticosteroid okhala ndi antiproliferative ndi antihistamine. Imachepetsa mitsempha ya m'magazi, imathandizira kusintha kosautsa kwa syphilitic alopecia ndi matenda ena amkhungu. Palibe mavuto. Mtengo 270-300 p.

• Hydrocortisone. Amachotsa njira zotupa pamalo omwe amagwiritsidwapo ntchito, pamakhala zovuta zina ngati kachilombo kachilombo kapezeka ndi matenda kapena kachilombo ka mafangasi kamayamba. Mtengo wa pafupifupi 120 p.

• Mafuta a Lokoid okhala ndi hydrocortisone, amachotsa msanga kutupa, amachepetsa kuyamwa, ndipo amalola kuti tsitsi lizichira. Mtengo uli pafupi 350 p.

• Lorinden Iwo neutralates causative wothandizila bakiteriya ndi fungal matenda. Mtengo wa pafupifupi 400 p.

Komanso, zabwino zoyesedwa zimawonedwa pochiza ndi njira zolimbitsa thupi: darsonval, ultrasound, mafunde osiyanasiyana.

Uphungu! Ogwira tsitsi lalitali ndi bwino kudula tsitsi lalifupi. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa kulemera kwa tsitsi - silimatuluka kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi kupita kumizu kumawonjezeka, komwe kumathandiza kudyetsa ndi kupha mpweya.

Malamulo akusamalira munthawi ya chithandizo:

• Kuchepetsa tsiku lililonse kapena tsiku lililonse kuti muchepetse Sebum kuundana.
• Ndi kuphatikiza tsitsi lanu, muyenera kusamala, khungu la mutu ndikusintha pang'ono momwe mungathere. Osakakamiza mano kwambiri.
• Patulani zinthu zosamalira, pokhapokha ngati dokotala amafotokoza, popeza umagwirira ntchito kwambiri kumakwiyitsa khungu ndikukwiyitsa makina, kuphwanya kapangidwe ka tsitsi.

Kupewa

Kuzindikira kwakanthawi, chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda opatsirana, kuyang'anira pafupipafupi ndikuwongolera matenda a syphilitic panthawi yomwe gawo lomwe siligwira ntchito limaletsa kupezeka kwa dazi.

Syphilitic alopecia ndi wowopsa ngati matenda omwe sanachiritsidwe. Ndi chithandizo chabwino komanso mwatsatanetsatane, mwayi wochira kwathunthu ndi wokwanira. Ndikothekanso kubwezeretsa tsitsi lotayika m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, komabe, zingwezo zidzatayika, zimayamba kuchepa.

Pafupifupi, kuchira kwathunthu ndikutaya komwe kumalowetsedwa ndikotheka pakatha miyezi 3-5, ndipo patapita kanthawi pang'ono, zigamba zophatikizana ndi matendawa zimazimiririka.

Makanema ogwiritsira ntchito

Alopecia - zimayambitsa, mawonekedwe ndi chithandizo.

Kodi alopecia ndi chiyani? Mitundu yake ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kuchitika.

Alopecia ndi syphilis

Pakhoza kukhala ndi choyang'ana komanso chosokoneza. Kuchepetsa tsitsi kumatsika kumachitika chifukwa cha kulowetsedwa kwa khungu kwa ma follicles a tsitsi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanyidwa kwa trophism yawo.

Kuperewera kwa zakudya kumapangitsa kuti kufa kwa majeremusi am'mimbamo ya tsitsi ndipo, chifukwa chake Tsitsi limatuluka.

Sinthani tsitsi kupindika ndi syphilis

Amayamba chifukwa cha kuledzera kwa thupi ndi matenda.

Vutoli limatha kuonedwa ndi vuto lililonse lomwe limafalikira kwa nthawi yayitali, limodzi ndi poizoni wakupha wa thupi pogwiritsa ntchito poizoni.

Fopal alopecia imawonetsedwa ndi kutayika kwa tsitsi kumutu, makamaka m'malo a occipital komanso osakhalitsa. Kuchokera m'malo awa kuti njira ya dazi imayamba.

Malo oyang'ana alopecia amakhala ozungulira osakhazikika, ochepa kukula (mpaka mainchesi 3-4). Samakhala ndi chizolowezi chophatikizika, ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zamkati (kuyabwa, kupweteka, redness, peeling), matenda samasiyana. Chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito, tsitsi la m'mutu limapeza mtundu winawake wa ubweya womenyedwa ndi njenjete.

Diffuse alopecia ndiwofotokozedwa. Kuganiza za kuchepa kwa tsitsi kumatha kuwonekera pang'onopang'ono padziko lonse la khungu komanso thupi.

Pakuwunika mosiyanasiyana, syphilitic alopecia imasiyanitsidwa ndi matenda a mycotic genesis (micosporia, trichophytosis). Pankhaniyi, mawonekedwe a peis adzawonedwa m'malo omwe atsalira tsitsi, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi kumayambitsidwa osati chifukwa cha kutayika kwawo, koma ndi gawo.

Pathology imasiyanitsidwanso ndi matenda ena opatsirana omwe angayambitse kuchepa kwambiri kwa tsitsi. Kupezeka kofanana kwa mitundu yonseyi ndizotheka - kuphatikiza alopecia.

Kuchepetsa tsitsi kumawonekera kwambiri ndikupitilira mwamphamvu, poganiza kuti ndiwofalikira. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimawonedwa mwa odwala amuna, osati akazi. Pali matenda mu china chilichonse mpaka chachisanu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka syphilitic. Kuphatikiza pa kuchepa kwa tsitsi kwakupita patsogolo, kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake kumachitika pakukula kwa matendawo. Amakhala owuma, osakhazikika, osachedwa, chifukwa amakhala ngati mbewe yokumbira. Kupatula apo, ndi syphilis zitha kuchitika acicatricial alopecia.

Amayamba pakhungu atatha kukhazikika pakhungu ndipo amayimiriridwa ndikukhazikika kwa khungu. Mtundu uwu wa alopecia uyeneranso kusiyanitsidwa bwino ndi chizolowezi, chifukwa zotupa za pakhungu zopanda chibadwa.

Syphilitic alopecia imatha kudziwika pokhapokha ngati pakubwera zizindikiro zina zotsimikizira nthenda inayake, komanso matenda omwe amatsimikizira a labotale a treponemas.

Ndi syphilis mwina dazi osati pamutu pokha, komanso pa thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, tsitsi limatha kugwa pansi pazingwe, pachifuwa (mwa amuna), mikono, miyendo.

Kodi tsitsi la pubic limatha kugwa ndi syphilis?

Inde, cholimba kapena chosokoneza alopecia chimathanso kukhudza malo a groin, mafuta opatsirana, perineum, ndi khungu lanu.

Ngati Tsitsi lidagwa pamiyendo, manja, m'mitsempha ndi ziwalo zina za thupi, titha kulankhula za kuledzera kwakukulu kwa thupi ndi treponemas ndi general alopecia yoyambitsidwa ndi iwo.

Syphilitic alopecia nthawi zambiri imakhudza nkhope. Odwala amatha kukhala ndi eyelashes, nsidze.

Zizindikiro za kupindika kwa nsidze wotchedwa tram chindapusa. Dzinali limakhala ndi vuto chifukwa limatha kupezeka mosavuta mosavuta ngakhale m'mawonekedwe.

Ma eyelashes atuluka kotero kuti kutalika kwawo kumakhala kosiyana, chifukwa cha zomwe amawoneka ngati masitepe. Vutoli limatchedwa chizindikiro cha Pincus.

Moda mwa amuna amathanso kupita kwa masharubu, ndevu.

Tsitsi ndi ndevu zazimeta zimachitika ndi mawonekedwe omwewo ngati pakhungu.

Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa tsitsi pa matenda amtundu wa syphilitic kumatha kukhala kokha ndi khungu. Ndipo zitha kuonekeranso ndi vuto la tsitsi lakumaso - masharubu, ndevu, nsidze, nsidze m'mayendedwe amisala.

Pogwiritsa ntchito zowonongeka zowononga tsitsi, ma alopecia amatenganso malo osiyanasiyana mthupi.

Dziwani kuti mawonekedwe a dazi pamutu amadziwika bwino ndi zotupa za pakhungu. Pathology pamenepa imayambika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa tsitsi lanu chifukwa cha ulcerative-erosive process in khungu lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi ma pustules omwe amakhala ndi syphilis yachiwiri. Wodwala m'modzi, nthawi yomweyo, mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana imayang'aniridwa nthawi imodzi - yaying'ono yokhazikika komanso yophatikizika.

Njira ya pathogenetic yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya alopecia ya syphilitic chikhalidwe ndi yosiyana. Ndi mawonekedwe ake otsogola, chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa follicle ya tsitsi ndikugonjetsedwa kwake ndi treponemas komanso njira yotupa yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi izi. Zotsatira zake, ma cell a germinal (germinal) a bulb amasiya kulandira thanzi. Dystrophic phenomena amakula mwa iwo, chifukwa chomwe iwo amafa pang'onopang'ono.

Mu mawonekedwe osokoneza, alopecia amayamba chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwa mapangidwe a neurohumoral mu minofu ya tsitsi, chifukwa cha kuledzera kwakukulu ndi mankhwala a treponema metabolism.

Ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa syphilitic alopecia pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda, matenda a mahomoni sayenera kuphatikizidwa. Mwachitsanzo, zovuta za endocrine, kutenga pakati, kutenga njira zakulera za mahomoni. Komanso oncopathology, kufooka kwambiri kwa chiwindi (kutupa, cirrhotic).

Ndi matenda opatsirana a matenda am'mimba, komabe, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda ena (malungo, typhoid), dazi limadziwonetsa lokha nthawi yopuma.

Kutsimikizira kwa syphilitic chikhalidwe cha matendawa kumachitika mwa kuchititsa seroreaction. Ndiye kuti, mayeso a treponemal ndi osakhazikika omwe amapeza ma antibodies kwa causative wothandizila wa syphilis mu seramu yamagazi.

Kodi syphilis imayamba liti?

Kuchepetsa tsitsi kumayamba posachedwa pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa matendawa. Ndipo miyezi ingapo mutadwala - pafupifupi miyezi 3-4, nthawi zina miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Ichi ndi chifukwa cha "kuzama" kwa njira yachipatupidwe, kuchuluka kwa poizoni m'thupi lathu, kuledzera kwathunthu kwa thupi. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke ndikuyang'anitsitsa ma follicles a tsitsi ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuwonongeka tsitsi.

Kodi imagwira ntchito? syphilis tsitsi kutaya mankhwala?

Inde, kuchepa kwa tsitsi kumayima pakadutsa masiku 10 mpaka 14 kuyambika kwa maphunziro a etiotropic a syphilis, nthawi zina pambuyo pake.

Kodi tsitsi limadzeranso ngati litatuluka ndi syphilis?

Inde, pokhapokha ngati mankhwalawo atha kugwira ntchito pakatha miyezi ingapo (1.5-2), mawonekedwe a dazi amaphimbidwanso ndi tsitsi.

Zolemba zina, komabe, zikuwonetsa kuti ngakhale pakalibe chithandizo chamankhwala, kukula kwa tsitsi kumayambiranso pambuyo poti kuwonekera kwa zizindikiritso ndi mawonekedwe awo.

Ngati mukukayikira syphilis, kulumikizana ndi wolemba nkhaniyi, venereologist ku Moscow wazaka 15 zachitikadi.

Alopecia - ndi chiyani, mitundu yake ndi zomwe zimayambitsa

Alopecia ndi njira yotsalira kapena yotayika ya tsitsi kumutu, nkhope ndi / kapena ziwalo zina zamthupi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi. Pali magulu ake ambiri, ena omwe amatengera mitundu ya dazi, ena pazomwe akuti zikuyambitsa komanso makina a chitukuko. Ambiri aiwo amakhala onse, omwe samathandizira kumvetsetsa kwa matendawa komanso kusankha njira zamankhwala.

Koma magawo onse amaphatikiza mitundu ya alopecia m'magulu awiri akulu:

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

1. Heriors zinthu ndi kobadwa nako matenda (ichthyosis, khungu aplasia, pigment incontinence).
2. Mitundu ya discoid ya lupus erythematosus, yomwe ndi nthenda ya autoimmune, yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi mawanga ofiira owoneka bwino ofiira okhala ndi mamba omera.
3. Autoimmune ndi matenda ena achilengedwe - ochepa komanso a zonse scleroderma, dermatomyositis, amyloidosis, scarring pemphigoid, sarcoidosis.
4. Lipoid necrobiosis ndikuwonongeka ndi necrosis ya maselo ndi minofu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamafuta mkati mwake. Vutoli limapweteketsedwa ndimatenda a metabolic ndipo nthawi zambiri limagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga.
5. Lichen planus, zotupa pakhungu (trichophytosis) ndi matenda ena opatsirana.
6. Perifolliculitis yowonjezera, kufinya ndi keloid folliculitis, yodziwika ndi yotupa mkati kapena kuzungulira masamba, komwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta chifukwa cha matenda a staphylococcal, zomwe zimapangitsa kuperewera.
7. Zolumikizira zamagetsi apakhungu, khansa yapakhungu yam'mimba komanso yapansi pakhungu ndi matenda ena.
8. Makina, kuvulala kwamafuta, kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala ndi ma radioactive, kutupa kwa purulent.

Mawonekedwe omaliza a khungu la matenda awa ndikupanga zipsera ndi kufa m'malo awa a tsitsi.

Alopecia osakhala cicatricial

Amakhala ndi 80 mpaka 95% yamatenda onse a tsitsi. Etiopathogenesis ya gululi, mosiyana ndi yapita, simamvetsetsa bwino. Mwambiri, njira zosiyanasiyana ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtunduwu, ngakhale zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa pafupifupi mitundu yonse ndizofanana nthawi zambiri. Mitundu yonse ya alopecia yopanda cicatricial imalumikizidwa ndi kusapezeka kwa zotupa zapakhungu zam'mbuyo.

Amayambitsa alopecia wopanda-mtundu

1. Matenda oyipa ndi autoimmune, omwe m'zaka zaposachedwa amatsogolera. Amatsogolera pakupanga ma cell a chitetezo cha mthupi ndi autoaggression ya thupi poyerekeza ndi ma follicles a tsitsi. Matendawa amachitika pang'onopang'ono palokha komanso kuphatikiza ndi matenda ena a autoimmune - lymphocytic chithokomiro, vitiligo, hypoparathyroidism, adrenal insufficiency.
2. Kudziwikiratu kwa chibadwa chifukwa cha jini lomwe limadziwonetsa kusakwanira kwamachitidwe amkati mwake pakhungu ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha follicular receptors ku androgens.
3. Matenda ndi kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya endocrine glands, zovuta zama metabolic, kuphatikizapo amino acid, mapuloteni ndi zinthu zina - selenium, zinki, mkuwa, chitsulo, sulufule.
4. Pachimake kupsinjika zinthu ndi yaitali yaitali psycho-zimachitika, zikubweretsa kupanikizana kwa zotumphukira ziwiya ndi vuto la follicles.
5. Zamasamba, matenda am'mimba komanso mitundu ina yamatenda am'madzi amkati ndi achisoni, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwamagazi m'mitsempha ya pakhungu. Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, kupweteka kwa mitsempha yodwala komanso kupsinjika kwamphamvu, njira yayitali yobwereza m'maganizo, zovuta zotupa m'matumbo amphongo, larynx ndi paranasal sinuses, osteochondrosis ya khosi lachiberekero, komanso mitsempha ya khosi ndiyofunikira kwambiri. Zonsezi ndizokwiyitsa kwa ziwalo zapamwamba za khomo lachiberekero zomwe zimapangisa khungu.
6. Matenda am'mimba, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale kuchepa kwa michere ndi zinthu zina.
7. Kuwonetsedwa ndi mankhwala ena (cytostatics), kuledzera kwachakudya komanso koopsa kwanyumba kapena mankhwala osakanikirana ndi mankhwala (mercury, bismuth, borates, thallium), kuyambitsa ma radiation.

Gulu la Non-Scalp Alopecia

Kugawidwa kwa alopecia osakhala cicatricial omwe akutsimikiziridwa masiku ano ndiwosakhazikika, amachokera pazizindikiro zakusakanikirana: zonse ziwiri zakunja zamankhwala zimawonetsera, ndi kuvuta ndi zina. Kusankhidwa kosavuta kwambiri ndikugawa alopecia:

1. Zovuta.
2. Wokhazikika, kapena nesting, kapena wozungulira dazi.
3. Androgenetic.

Diffuse alopecia

Diffuse alopecia imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa mphamvu ya thupi m'thupi pakutha msambo, kutenga pakati komanso kuyamwa, nthawi ya kusamba. M'milandu iwiri yoyambirira, kutsika kwambiri kwa tsitsi sikumaganiziridwa kuti kumakhala kwakanthawi ndipo kumakhala kwakanthawi pambuyo pokhazikika pakukhazikika kwa mahomoni. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopsetsa mtima, zitha kutchulidwa kapena kuperewera.

Mphepo yovuta imadziwika ndi yunifolomu pamutu mofulumira kutayika kwa tsitsi kosiyanasiyana. Kutayika kwa tsitsi lonse ndikosowa kwambiri. Agawidwa kukhala:

• anagen, omwe amapezeka nthawi yogwira tsitsi,
• telogen - kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi pakapumulidwe kwa masamba.

Nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza dazi kumayambitsidwa ndi nkhawa. vitamini "B12".

Alopecia areata

Alopecia areata mwa akazi ndipo amuna amapezeka ndi pafupipafupi. Zimapanga pafupifupi 5% ya odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a pakhungu. Osakwatiwa (koyambirira) koyambirira kwa tsitsi lozungulira limakhala lozungulira kapena losazungulira ndipo limawonekera nthawi zambiri mu dera la occipital. Amakonda kukula komanso kusakanikirana, chifukwa chake madera akuluakulu amakumbidwa, m'mphepete mwake omwe amawonetsera kuzungulira. Njira yokhazikika ya alopecia nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta ndipo imachitika m'magawo atatu:

1. Pang'onopang'ono, pomwe tsitsili limagwera osati pamalo a lesion, komanso pamalire ndi iyo. Gawoli limatenga miyezi 4 mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
2. Inpatient - kutha kwa mapangidwe ndi kuphatikizika kwatsopano kwa chinangwa.
3. Zovuta - kubwezeretsa kukula kwa tsitsi.

Mitundu ya alopecia yotsogolera ndi monga:

• wambamomwe zimakhazikika m'mphepete mwa khungu, nthawi zambiri kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi akachisi, mawonekedwe a korona ndi amitundu yosiyanasiyana.
• kuvula, yodziwika ndi kupangika kwa chinangwa chachikulu chomwe chimagwira mutu wonse, ndikusungira tsitsi m'malo ang'onoang'ono,
• kumeta ubweya - tsitsi limang'ambika pachilonda pakutalika kwa 1-1,5 cm, izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus (trichophytosis).

Kapangidwe ka dera lozungulira alopecia

Fopal alopecia wa mtundu wowonekera

Palinso azimayi amtundu wamtundu wa androgenetic alopecia, omwe amalumikizana ndi kusalingana kwa mahomoni ogonana amuna ndi akazi omwe ali ndi zomwe amakhala bwino ndimagazi. Ndizothekanso kukulitsa zomwe zili mu androgen chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zotupa zopanga mahomoni, kusokonekera kwa hypothalamus, pituitary kapena adrenal cortex, kuchepa kwa estrogen m'matenda am'mimba, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, etc.

Kutengera ndi malo owonongeka ndi mtundu wa maphunzirowa, mitundu iyi ya alopecia yokhazikika imasiyanitsidwa:

• benign monga tafotokozera pamwambapa
• zoyipa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, yathunthu komanso yachilengedwe.

Fomu yotsika imadziwika ndi njira yopita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa masamba ndi dera lawo sikungokhala pang'onopang'ono komanso kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, komanso kuphatikizika ndi kutayika kwa eyelashes ndi tsitsi kumadera akunja a nsidze.

Zokwanira - tsitsi lonse kumutu ndi nkhope zimagwa patatha miyezi itatu. Ngati tsitsili libwezeretsedwa, ndiye kuti njirayi imatenga zaka ndikuwonekanso mosiyanasiyana: eyelashes, nsidze, nkhope. Tsitsi pamutu limakula.

Ndi mawonekedwe apadziko lonse, tsitsi limatayika osati pankhope komanso pamutu, koma thupi lonse ndi miyendo.

Mtundu wonse wa alopecia

Androgenetic alopecia

Imakhala ndi 90% yazomwe zimayambitsa alopecia mwa abambo ndi amayi.Dazi lamtunduwu limasiyanitsidwa ndi olemba ambiri ngati odziyimira pawokha, ngakhale mawonekedwe ake amaphatikizika kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi mafuta a seborrhea. Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi jini yomwe imafalikira m'njira yodziwika bwino, ntchito yomwe imadziwika, poganiza, kudzera m'njira zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ma enzymes omwe amapanga tsitsi komanso papillae. Njira izi zimatsogolera kusintha kwakukulu kwa testosterone kukhala mtundu wogwira ntchito kwambiri, ndipo mwa akazi, kukhala estrone. Chifukwa chake, mitundu ya dazi mwa amuna ndi akazi imasiyana.

Njira ina ndi kuyanjana kwambiri kwa ma receptor a testosterone ndi ma michere ena a follicle. M'malo okhala ndi makonde ndi apamwamba kuposa malo osavomerezeka.

Androgenetic alopecia mwa akazi

Androgenic alopecia mwa amuna

Chithandizo cha Alopecia

Mfundo zoyambira ndi izi:

1. Kuchepetsa zomwe zimapangitsa mwa kupangitsa kugona kugona, kugwira ntchito ndi kupumula, kupereka mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso othandizira kuponderezana, muzakudya zoyenera ndikuchotsa maziko a matenda osachiritsika.
2. Kukhazikitsa kukonzekera kwa zinc, mavitamini okhala ndi kufufuza zinthu, amino acid metabolites ndi nootropes (Cerebrolysin, Nootropil) powalowetsa mkati, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mesotherapy, ion ndi phonophoresis.
3. Kupititsa patsogolo kukhathamiritsa kwa magazi ndi ma metabolic m'magawo omwe akhudzidwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala a Curantil, Aminophylline, Trental, Doxium, Heparin mafuta, Solcoseryl, etc. Physiotherapeutic othandizira akulimbikitsidwanso (ma Darsonval currents, microc Mara ndi laser therapy, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutikita minofu) (wokwiyitsa) zithandizo.
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma immunomodulators (Inosiplex, Levamisole, Timopentin) ndi ma immunosuppressants (PUVA therapy).
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apamwamba a glucocorticoids pofuna kuthana ndi mkwiyo wa autoimmune. M'mitundu yoyipa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakamwa ngati mapiritsi kapena jakisoni. Muzochitika zambiri zofala za alopecia, kusintha kwa zamkati ndi Prednisolone kapena Triamcinolone kunali kothandiza.
6. Kugwiritsa ntchito biostimulator ya kukula kwa tsitsi (Minoxidil).

Ndi cicatricial komanso nthawi zambiri yoyipa yaumbidwe alopecia, chithandizo chokhacho ndikuwonjezera kupatsirana kwa ma follicles othandizira.

Kodi alopecia ndi chiyani?

Alopecia Ndi dzina lolondola pankhani zamankhwala dazi. Nthawi zambiri, mawuwa amatanthauza dazi pazifukwa zakupangika, koma nthawi zina mutha kupeza mawu akuti "thupi alopecia." Zimamveka ngati njira yachilengedwe yopatulira komanso kutsuka tsitsi, yomwe imapezeka mwa anthu ambiri.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya alopecia, iliyonse yomwe imakhala ndi njira zake zachitukuko komanso zoyambitsa. Makamaka chodziwika kwambiri ndi chotchedwa androgenic and androgenetic alopecia, chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha majini komanso kusintha kwa ma thupi m'thupi.

Kuchepetsa tsitsi Pakadali pano ndimaona vuto limodzi lodziwika bwino kwambiri. Malinga ndi zaumoyo, ndi gawo la zamankhwala. Pali njira zambiri zopewera ndi kuchiza, zomwe, mwatsoka, sizothandiza konse.

Nthawi zina, alopecia imatha kuonedwa ngati matenda odziyimira pawokha, koma monga chiwonetsero cha matenda ena kapena zotsatira zake. Mwachitsanzo, mwanjira zina za autoimmune kapena chifukwa chovulala, khungu pakhungu lingawonongeke. Kenako dazi likhala lachiwiri. Nthawi zina njirayi imakhala yosinthika, ndiye kuti, kuchotsa zoyambitsa za alopecia kumapangitsa kuti tsitsi libwerere kumbuyo.

Alopecia ikhoza kukhala yamderalo ndikujambula mbali zotsatirazi:

• scalp (nthawi zambiri alopecia amatanthauza fomu iyi)
• ndevu mwa amuna
• nsidze
• eyelashes
• malo ogulitsira
• dera la axillary.

Alopecia yathunthu imathanso kutha, pomwe tsitsi limatuluka mthupi lonse. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha dongosolo mthupi - kutayika kwa chitetezo chathupi, ma genetic kapena mahomoni.

Nthawi zina alopecia yam'madera imatha kudziwika ngati chizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo, ndi mbewa wamba kapena matenda ena am'madzi am'madzi, tsitsi limagawika ndipo limagwa m'dera lina. Komabe, pankhaniyi, uku ndikungowoneka ngati matenda ena, ndipo chithandizo chake chimabwezeretsa kukula kwa tsitsi mtsogolo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa alopecia?

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri zamadazi. Zitha kugawidwa mu thupi komanso matenda. Zifukwa zathupi. Gawo lina la ulusi wa tsitsi limakhazikika, chakudya chakhungu chimakulirakulira, ndipo tsitsi limayamba kuwonda pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimatenga nthawi yambiri ndikuchitika pang'onopang'ono. Chofunikira ndikudziwikiratu chibadwa. Zimakhudza gawo lamadazi, msinkhu womwe zimayambira, komanso kusintha kwawoko mwachindunji (komwe khola limayambira).

Mwa zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa tsitsi, matenda otsatirawa amatha kusiyanitsidwa:

• Matenda a mahomoni. Androgens amathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa tsitsi komanso tsitsi. Hormone dihydrotestosterone imawononga follicles ya tsitsi, zomwe zimabweretsa kutsika kwawo ndikutha kukula kwa tsitsi. Popeza kupanga mahomoni awa kukhoza kusokonezeka m'matenda angapo osiyanasiyana, alopecia ikhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri. Kusamala nthawi zina kumayenderana ndi zovuta za mahomoni monga hypothyroidism kapena hyperthyroidism (matenda a chithokomiro), komanso matenda opatsirana a pituitary, omwe amayang'anira ntchito ya gland ina ya endocrine. Mavuto ndi kugwira ntchito kwa pituitary gland, mwachitsanzo, amawonedwa mu matenda a Symmonds.

• Zomwe zimachitika pomwa mankhwala. Kumwa mankhwala ena amathanso kutha tsitsi. Pankhaniyi, ma mahomoni a m'magulu (kudzera mu dihydrotestosterone), njira za autoimmune kapena matupi awo angatenge nawo mbali. Mankhwala ambiri omwe amatha kuyambitsa khonde ndi cytostatics, anticoagulants, ibuprofen, D-penicillamine, mankhwala a antimalarial. Poterepa, sikuti ndi funso la mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mankhwala olakwika. Zotsatira zoyipa izi zitha kuwoneka (ngakhale kawirikawiri) komanso mukamamwa mankhwalawa muyezo. Zimatengera kuzindikira kwa thupi. Monga lamulo, kusowa kwa tsitsi msanga pambuyo povomerezeka kwakanthawi kochepa sikunakumanepo nako. Nthawi zambiri timalankhula za ma pathologies omwe odwala amatenga mankhwala omwe ali pamwambapa kwa miyezi ingapo kapena kupitilira.
• Kupsinjika Choyambitsa kupsinjika chitha kukhala champhamvu komanso chotalikilapo chamalingaliro, zoopsa, ndipo nthawi zina kungosintha kwachilendo. Amakhulupirira kuti kupsinjika konse ndi njira yosinthira. Zimadziwika kudzera m'magulu angapo a mahomoni ndi zinthu zofunikira zomwe zimalowa m'magazi. Kutulutsa zinthu izi kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kuvulaza thupi. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa zimayambira khola. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zambiri imatha kusintha ndikulabadira chithandizo ngati zifukwa zomwe zikuyambitsa nkhawa zichotsedwa.
• Hypovitaminosis.Mavitamini ndi ofunikira pama michere osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa kuti zinthu zina zizisintha kukhala zina. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa mavitamini kumachepetsa njira za metabolic. Vitamini aliyense amatenga nawo gawo pazakudya za minofu inayake, kotero kuperewera kwake kumakhala ndi zisonyezo zapadera. Pa kukula kwabwino kwa tsitsi, mavitamini monga B2, B3, B6, H, E, ndi folic acid ndi ofunikira kwambiri.Ambiri mwa mavitaminiwa amalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya, motero ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi dazi omwe amayamba kuwunika zakudya zawo.
• Poizoni. Nthawi zina dazi limakhala chifukwa chobweretsa poizoni wambiri. Potere, titha kuyankhula za kukhudzidwa kwatsitsi ndi kulepheretsa kwachilendo kwa kukula kwa tsitsi (kudzera mu endocrine system, metabolism, ndi zina). Mbale imatha kuyenda limodzi ndi poyizoni ndi zinthu monga thallium, mercury, chloroprene, ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo. Komanso, kuchepa tsitsi pakumwa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi chemotherapy pochiza khansa.
• Matenda opatsirana. Mwa matenda opatsirana, vuto lodziwika bwino ndi zotupa za pakhungu, zomwe zimayambitsa gawo la tsitsi ndi alopecia wamba. Monga lamulo, kuchepa kwa tsitsi muzochitika izi ndizakanthawi. Mkhalidwe wosiyana pang'ono ndi zotupa za pakhungu la bakiteriya. Pankhaniyi, kuwonda ndi kufalikira pang'onopang'ono kwa mawonekedwe a tsitsi nthawi zambiri kumachitika. Alopecia sangasinthe. Zilonda zopatsirana pakhungu ndi leishmaniasis, pyoderma, chifuwa chachikulu cha khungu, syphilis, khate (khate), ndi zina zotere.
• Mavuto obadwa nawo Pali matenda angapo obadwa nawo kapena ma syndromes omwe njira ya intrauterine yopanga khungu limaphatikizika. Kenako malembedwe atsitsi atha kusakhalapo konse kapena amagwira ntchito bwino. M'njira zonsezi, tikambirana za kuchepa kwa kukula kwa tsitsi kuyambira pakubadwa.
• Matenda osachiritsika Kuchepetsa tsitsi kumatha kuchitika m'mavuto akulu okhalitsa (opatsirana kapena osachiritsika), omwe amakhudza kwambiri kagayidwe kazakudya mthupi. Matendawa ndi, mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa a hepatitis, leukemia. Tsitsi lokhala ndi matenda amenewa limayamba kuwonda kenako nkutuluka kwathunthu. Chizindikiro chimawonedwa osati pamutu pokha. Nthawi zambiri kupatulira nsidze, tsitsi la vellus pakhungu, tsitsi lalitali.
• Kuvulala. Mphepo zowonongeka zidzafotokozedwanso mwatsatanetsatane pansipa. Zikuwoneka chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa mwachindunji kwa masamba a tsitsi chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwakuthupi. Alopecia yamtunduwu imatchedwa scarring.
• Matenda a autoimmune. Mu matenda a autoimmune, mapangidwe olimbana ndi maselo a thupi amachitika. Nthawi zina, ma antibodies awa amawombera timabowo tatsitsi, tsitsi limayamba kugwa, kapena kukula kwawo kumaleka.
• Matenda amagetsi.Matenda a radiation ndi chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chimayamba pamene ma radiation awonekera m'thupi. Ngati mlingo wolandilidwa uposa gawo la 3 Grey, ndiye kuti sipangakhale kuwonetsedwa kwathunthu, koma mawonekedwe ake pakhungu awonongeka kale, tsitsi limaguluka. Pa Mlingo wapamwamba, zizindikiro zimawonedwanso kuchokera ku hematopoietic dongosolo, m'mimba thirakiti, dongosolo lamanjenje ndi genitourinary. Radiotherapy ya khansa imayendera limodzi ndi kuwonetsa wodwala. Komabe, pankhaniyi, ma radiation amagwera pagawo linalake. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa tsitsi kumatha kuwonedwa pokhapokha pamadera othandizira.

Zoyambitsa Alopecia mwa Amuna

Mwa amuna, chomwe chimayambitsa kwambiri khani (nthawi zoposa 90%) ndi androgenetic alopecia. Ndi nthenda yamtunduwu, sikuti nthawi zonse ndimayendedwe opatsirana. Pa gawo la majini, mapulogalamu othandizira tsitsi amakwaniritsidwa pazaka zina. Omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi njirayi ndi mahomoni abambo a dihydrotestosterone. Mosiyana ndi azimayi, omwe ali ndi zochepa zamafuta awa, amuna amakhala ndi dazi pafupipafupi, ndipo izi zimawonekera kwambiri.

Mlingo ndi gawo la makulidwe achilengedwe mwa amuna nthawi zambiri amawunikidwa pamlingo wa Norwood. Kukula kwake kumawonetsera momwe madera amawonongekera tsitsi (nthawi zambiri mzere wa tsitsi pamphumi ndi kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi pakorona), komanso dera lonse la dazi.Dziwani kuti kupindika kwa thupi chifukwa nthawi zonse kumakhudza gawo la tsitsi lokha. Kuchuluka kwake, monga lamulo, kumakhala kumbuyo kwa mutu kapena mawonekedwe amizere kumbuyo kwa makutu. Izi ndichifukwa tsitsi kumbuyo kumutu kwakula kukana (kukana) kuchitiro cha dihydrotestosterone. Anthu amdazi kwathunthu nthawi zambiri amangometa zotsalira za tsitsi pazifukwa zokongola. Ndi zovuta zamafuta am'mimba, matenda ndi ma pathologies ena, kutaya tsitsi kwathunthu ndikothekanso.

Ngati timalankhula za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya alopecia (alopecia areata, matenda amkhungu, ndi zina), ndiye kuti amapezeka mwa amuna ndi akazi omwe amakhala ndi zotumphukira zomwezi.

Zoyambitsa Alopecia mwa Akazi

Mwa amayi, dihydrotestosterone ya amayi imathandizanso pakukula kwa alopecia. Koma kuchepa tsitsi kumachitika mosiyanasiyana. Makamaka, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti dissuse alopecia zimachitika. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika chifukwa cha ma pathologies osiyanasiyana kapena mphamvu zakunja.

Kuchepa tsitsi kwakuthupi kwa akazi kumakhalanso ndi chikhalidwe, koma kumadziwonetsera poti tsitsi limakula mopitilira, limakhala locheperako komanso laling'ono. Mlingo ndi gawo la dazi mwa akazi limayeza mulingo wa Ludwig. Mfundo zakugawika pamlingo uwu ndikuwonjezera gawo lakugawana mu scalp.

Chofunikira chomwe chikuwonetsa kukula kwa alopecia mwa amayi ndi kutenga pakati komanso kusamba. Poyamba, azimayi nthawi zambiri amatsuka tsitsi akangobala. Ndi kusintha kwa msambo, gawo la estrogen m'magazi limatsika kwambiri. Kuyanjana pakati pa mahomoni ogonana achikazi ndi amuna kumakwiyitsidwa, ndipo panthawi inayake, zochita za dihydrotestosterone zitha kubweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa tsitsi.

Zimayambitsa alopecia mwa ana

Kukhazikitsa kukula kwa tsitsi kumachitika m'masiku oyambilira mwana atabadwa. Alopecia, yemwe amakhala asanakwanitse zaka 3, nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha zovuta zina zobadwa nazo. Makamaka, tikulankhula za mavuto ndi kakulidwe ka tsitsi pakhungu, mavuto ndi endocrine tiziwalo tosiyanasiyana, timagulu tosiyanasiyana tokhudza khungu.

Pambuyo zaka 3, ana nthawi zambiri amakhala alopecia areata. Imodzi kapena zingapo zatsitsi zimawonongeka pamutu, zomwe zimakhala ndi malire omveka. Pakuwoneka kwa matenda awa, pali zinthu zingapo zingapo zomwe zimakhudzidwa, koma magwiritsidwe ake a chitukuko sanakonzekerebe. Mosiyana ndi achikulire, ana alopecia areata nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu gawo la occipital ndipo amatha kufalikira kwa tsitsi kumbuyo makutu. Nthawi zina njira yothetsera tsitsi imachitika mozungulira. Nthawi zambiri, matendawo amayenda pang'onopang'ono koma mosadukiza. Kuchiza sikuyenda bwino nthawi zonse, komabe, milandu ya kubwezeretsa kokha imadziwika. Alopecia areata amatha kuchitika muubwana, komabe, kuchuluka kwa matendawa mu ana akadakali otsika kuposa akuluakulu.

Vuto linanso lodziwika bwino la ana alopecia ndi mphete. Mankhwala, amavomerezedwa kusiyanitsa pakati pa microsporia ndi trichophytosis - mitundu iwiri yamatenda ambiri, yotchulidwa malinga ndi pathogen. Microsporia nthawi zambiri imakhudza khungu, ndipo trichophytosis imathanso kukhudza misomali ndi khungu mbali zina za thupi. Matenda onsewa amayamba chifukwa cha bowa ndipo amatenga kachilomboka. Kuchepetsa tsitsi kumachitika pang'onopang'ono masiku angapo kapena milungu. Zimayamba masiku atatu mpaka 4 mutatha kulumikizana ndi munthu wodwala kapena nyama (mphaka, galu).

Beard alopecia

Kutayika kwa ndevu sikuli kofala ngati vuto la scopp alopecia, koma amakhalanso ndi njira zofananira zofananira ndi zoyambitsa. Mwambiri, zimadziwika kuti zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa tsitsi nthawi zina kwanuko zimakhudza ndevu. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe amodzi kapena ang'ono ang'onoang'ono omwe kukula kwa tsitsi kumayima.Chifukwa cha kutukuka kwawo, izi zimapangitsa kuti anthu omwe amabala ndevu ndi ndevu azilakwika.

Matenda amasinthasintha zakudya, kuchotsera nkhawa komanso kusamalira khungu moyenera kumabwezeretsa kukula kwa tsitsi. Palibe matenda enieni omwe angakhudze dera lino. Nthawi zambiri odwala omwe ali ndi alopecia m'dera la chibwano posachedwa, ziphuphu za dazi zimawonekera pakhungu.

Nthawi zina ndevu alopecia imalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zingapo zazakhungu ndi khungu la nkhope. Makamaka, imanena za ziphuphu ndi rosacea (rosacea). Kuwonongeka kwa minyewa ya tsitsi ndikotheka ndi kuipitsidwa kwa khungu ndi majeremusi a Demodex follicuculorum. Milandu ngati imeneyi imachulukanso kwa amuna azaka za 18 mpaka 30. Kukula kwa dihydrotestosterone kumakhudzanso tsitsi la ndevu kumocheperachepera, chifukwa ma follicles awo, monga ma follicles a tsitsi kumbuyo kwa mutu, samvera kwenikweni zomwe zimachitika mu timadzi timeneti.

Maso Alopecia

Kuwonongeka kwa nsidze nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi gawo la ofananira nawo. Nthawi zambiri, ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro kapena zowonetsera zamatenda osiyanasiyana a dongosolo. Komabe, pali ma pathologies angapo momwe ma nsidze okha amakhudzidwa, ndipo alopecia sinafalikire ku mbali zina za thupi. Kuwonongeka kwa nsidze kwanthawi yayitali kumatha kukhala, mwachitsanzo, kutulutsa kwina kosayenera kapena kuwonongeka kwa zithunzi zamatsitsi ndi Demodex folliculorum mite. Kenako njirayi imafalikira, koma nsidze zimatha kutuluka.

Mwa matenda azachilengedwe, ma pathologies otsatirawa nthawi zambiri amabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa nsidze:

• Hypothyroidism Kutsika kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi kusowa kwa ayodini, zotupa kapena zotupa za chiwalochi, komanso kuchepa kwamatumbo a minyewa.
• Syphilis yachiwiri. Kutaya kwa nsidze ndikotheka, koma osati chifukwa chofunikira. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa matenda ndi mtsempha wamagazi kuchokera pacholinga chachikulu.
• Matenda a shuga. Pankhaniyi, tikulankhula za kusokonezeka kwa metabolic mthupi lonse, ndipo kuchepa kwa nsidze nthawi zambiri kumakhala kophatikizana ndi mawonekedwe a alopecia mbali zina za thupi.
• Kusowa kwazitsulo ndi vitamini B12. Ndimavuto ambiri amawonongeka atsitsi mwa amayi apakati.
• Khate (khate). Ndiwosowa kwambiri m'maiko ena otentha. Matendawa amadziwika ndi zotupa zapakhungu zosasintha zomwe zimasintha pamaonekedwe.

Chifukwa chiyani tsitsi limachoka pambuyo pobereka?

Pa nthawi yobereka, thupi la mzimayi limasintha kwambiri. Choyamba, izi zimakhudzana ndi metabolism komanso mahomoni. Chimodzi mwazomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha kusinthaku ndi kukhala alopecia. Nthawi zambiri, imakhala vuto kwakanthawi, ndipo thupi likamachira, tsitsi limakhazikika.

Mwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa tsitsi kuchepa pambuyo pathupi zimagona mosiyana ndi mahomoni pazithunzi za tsitsi. Ngati mahomoni achimuna (omwe mulibe ambiri mu thupi la mkazi) amathandizira pakuchepa kwa tsitsi, ndiye mahomoni achikazi, m'malo mwake, asiyireni. Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, kuchuluka kwa estrogen kumakhala m'magazi a amayi. Chifukwa cha izi, ngakhale tsitsi lokalamba silimagwa, ndipo atsopano akupitilizabe kukula. Pambuyo pobereka, milingo ya estrogen imatsika kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa ma dihydrotestosterone, tsitsi lakale limayamba kukhazikika mwachangu. Chifukwa cha izi, chizolowezi cha kuthupi kwa tsitsi kumatha kuwonjezeka kwa masabata angapo (ndipo nthawi zina miyezi). Pankhaniyi, kuphatikiza alopecia kumachitika ndi yunifolomu yocheperako.

Zope ndi nsidze (ndipo nthawi zina tsitsi) zimayamba kugwa ngakhale kumapeto kwa mimba. Koma ndiye chifukwa chake ndikusowa kwa michere ina. Makamaka, mayi woyembekezera amafunika vitamini B12 yambiri komanso chitsulo.Popanda iwo, onse amatha kusokoneza komanso kukhala ndi alopecia yomwe imatha kukhazikika, ndikukhudza malo osiyanasiyana a anatomical. Zophwanya zonsezi zimasinthidwa, ndipo chithandizo chakanthawi kwa dokotala komanso chithandizo choyenera, tsitsi limakula mwachangu.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya alopecia yomwe ilipo?

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zingapo zomwe alopecia ikhoza kugawidwa. Kugawika koyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mankhwalawa amathandizika kwambiri. Chosavuta kwambiri ndicho dera komanso kutanthauzira kwa njira ya matenda. Komabe, kutsimikizira uku sikofunikira kwambiri pakuwazindikira.

Mitundu yotsatirayi ya alopecia imasiyanitsidwa ndi dera komanso kutengera kutayika kwa tsitsi:

• Diffuse alopecia. Diffuse alopecia nthawi zina amamveka ngati mtundu wa kuchepa kwa tsitsi kwa azimayi. Mu kapangidwe kameneka, kuphatikiza alopecia kumadziwika osati kutayika kwa tsitsi m'malo ena, koma mwa kuwonda mwamphamvu, kowoneka bwino kumbali yonse ya mutu.

• Local (focal) alopecia. Poterepa, tikulankhula za kuchepa tsitsi kwanuko kwakanthawi kochepa. Monga lamulo, ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena ozungulira. Pakhoza kukhala zingapo zoyang'ana pamutu.
• Subtotal alopecia. Subtotal amatchedwa alopecia, pomwe tsitsi limatsikira pafupifupi 40% ya mutu.
• Ophiasis. Ndi mawonekedwe awa, pamakhala kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa tsitsi pafupi m'mphepete (mozungulira chozungulira) kapena pamalo ena (mwachitsanzo, kumbuyo kokha kwa mutu, kokha pamakachisi, etc.).
• Onse alopecia. Ndi alopecia yathunthu, kutayika kwathunthu kwa tsitsi lonse pamutu kumawonedwa (kupatula ndevu ndi ndevu).
• Universal alopecia. Pankhaniyi, tikulankhula za kutayika kwathunthu kwa mawonekedwe amatsitsi osati pamutu pokha, komanso thupi lonse (nsidze, eyelashes, tsitsi lomwe lili ndi ndevu, thunthu, zikondwerero, dera la pubic limagwera).

Izi zimawonetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, chifukwa chake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ndizochepa. Komabe, mitundu ina ili ndi zochepa zomwe zingayambitse. Mwachitsanzo, chilengedwe cha alopecia nthawi zambiri chimawonedwa pamatenda obadwa nawo. Choyipa chachikulu cha gawoli ndikuti chimakhala chosagwirizana. Mwanjira ina, njira yomweyo ya pathological imatha kuyamba ngati alopecia, kenako nkukhala yayikulu kwambiri, kenako ndikufikiratu.

Ndizolinso kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri yofunika ya alopecia, kutengera gawo lomwe tsitsi limakula. Akatswiri okhawo omwe amatha kutsegula matendawa ndi chizindikiro ichi atatha kupenda mozama mizu ya tsitsi lakugwa.

Tsitsi limatha kupezeka m'magawo otsatirawa:

• Gawo la Anagen. Gawo ili ndi loyamba mu kukula kwa tsitsi. Ndi gawo logawika la maselo, kapangidwe kazinthu zopanga. Kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi mu gawo la anagen sikusowa kwenikweni machitidwe ndipo nthawi zonse ndimagulu osiyanasiyana a pathologies. Zomwe zimayambitsa zingakhale poizoni ndi mankhwala enaake, chemotherapy kapena radiotherapy. Tsitsi limayamba kutuluka pakapita masiku atatu mpaka anayi pambuyo poti mwayamba kupsa. Mchitidwewo ukhoza kulanda tsitsi lonse ndikupangitsa alopecia kwathunthu.
• Gawo la Catagenic. Gawoli ndi losintha. Kutayika kwa tsitsi pakadali pano kukula kwa tsitsi ndikosowa chifukwa gawo limangokhala milungu ingapo (pomwe gawo la anagen limatha zaka).
• Gawo la Telogen. Gawo la telogen limatsata gawo la catagenic. Kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi m'gawoli kumachitika pazifukwa zambiri zakuthupi kapena za pathological. Kuyamba koyambirira kwa gawo la telogen, mwachitsanzo, mwina kumachitika chifukwa cha njala, kuchepa kwa magazi, kutentha thupi kwa nthawi yayitali. Komanso, mtundu uwu umakhala wodziwika bwino pambuyo pobadwa mwana kapena mutangomaliza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera zophatikizira pakamwa (COCs).

Komabe, kagawoli sakhala konsekonse, chifukwa sikubisa zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zamadazi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati gawo pakuzindikira. Pamapeto pake, madokotala amafunika kudziwa momwe matendawa amakulira. Pachifukwa ichi, magulu osiyanasiyana adaganiziridwa, ndipo palibe amene ali konsekonse. Monga lamulo, mayina a mitundu ya alopecia monga matenda odziimira pawokha amasiyana pamaiko osiyanasiyana.

Kuchokera pamawonekedwe abwino, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusiyanitsa mitundu iyi ya alopecia:

• androgenic alopecia,
• kusokoneza alopecia,
• acopaticial alopecia,
• alopecia areata,
• alopecia wobadwa nako,
• autoimmune alopecia,
• matumbo alopecia,
• seborrheic alopecia.

Androgenic alopecia

Pali dihydrotestosterone yambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi dazi kale. Komabe, m'thupi la akazi, timadzi timeneti timapezekanso tating'onoting'ono, motero tsitsi limachedwa pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu kwa mulingo wa mahomoni awa mwa akazi, komwe kumayambitsa khola mwachangu, ndi kwakale.

Mukukula kwa androgenetic alopecia, magawo otsatirawa amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndimikhalidwe:

• Poyamba, dihydrotestosterone imalumikizana ndi ma follicle receptors a tsitsi, koma amangosintha ntchito yawo. Chifukwa cha izi, mavuto osiyanasiyana a tsitsi amayamba - kuuma, brittleness, kuzimiririka.
• Kenako, mavuto akukulira tsitsi amayamba, pomwe amayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo tsitsi lotayika limabwezeretsedwa. Mwambiri, tsitsi loonda. Komabe, njira zama metabolic zimapezekabe m'mazithunzi amtsitsi, ndipo popenda mosamala, tsitsi limapezekabe. Komabe, awa ndi tsitsi lalifupi, loonda komanso lopota lomwe silingamveke bwino poyang'ana koyamba.
• Kenako malembedwe atsitsi amasiya kupanga tsitsi lenileni, ndipo makani amapezeka tsitsi limayamba kutuluka koma osakula.
• Pafupifupi, zaka 10-15 kuchokera poyambira ntchitoyi, pakamwa pa follicle, pomwe sipabereka tsitsi, imadzala ndi minofu yolumikizika. Kukula kwa tsitsi pambuyo izi kumakhala kosatheka, ndipo kukondoweza kwa mankhwalawa kapena kuletsa kwa dihydrotestosterone sikungabwezeretse kukula kwa tsitsi lachilengedwe.

Njira imeneyi imawonedwa ndendende pakhungu. Ngati tizingolankhula za nsidze, ndevu mwa amuna kapena ziwalo zina, ndiye kuti dihydrotestosterone nthawi zambiri imamvetseka, koma kawirikawiri ndondomeko yomwe ili pamwambapa imachitikanso.

Alopecia mwa amuna omwe akutsutsana ndi maziko a androgenetic alopecia amatha kuyamba zaka 17 - 18 (kumapeto kwa mapangidwe a kubala), komanso mwa akazi - mwa 25 - 27 zaka. Tikulankhula za anthu athanzi omwe ali ndi vuto lotengera kutaya tsitsi koyambirira. Mwa amuna, monga lamulo, alopecia imayamba kuchokera pamphumi (pamphumi ikukwera, zomwe zimadziwika kuti ziphuphu zazing'onoting'ono zimawonekera) kapena kuchokera korona (dera la parietal). Mwa akazi, tsitsi limayamba kugwa pakati pa kugawa pakati, kuchokera kutsogolo mpaka dera la parietal, koma mzere wakutsogolo watsitsi sukulira. Zomwe zimapangitsa kufalikira kwa alopecia zimafotokozedwa ndikumvetsetsa kosiyanasiyana kwa mawonekedwe amatsitsi kuti dihydrotestosterone. Ku dera la kutsogolo ndi parietal amakhala omvera, ndipo tsitsi limatsika mofulumira. Mu occipital lobe, follicles pafupifupi sangagwidwe ndi timadzi timtunduwu, chifukwa chake, tsitsi limatha kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Monga lamulo, ndi kumbuyo kwa mutu komwe kumadzakhala malo opereka osinthira tsitsi.

Cicatricial alopecia

Cicatricial alopecia, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, si matenda odziyimira pawokha. Ndi mawonekedwe amtunduwu, tikulankhula za kupanga kwamabala (minyewa yolumikizana) pakhungu. Chifukwa cha izi, mawonekedwe amatsitsi amawonongeka, ndipo kukula kwa tsitsi kumayima. Komabe, zipsera zimangokhala zotsatira, zotulukapo za njira zina za pathological.Chifukwa chake, acicatricial alopecia imatha kutengedwa ngati vuto la matenda ena.

Zilonda zothothoka tsitsi pambuyo pake zitha kupanga chifukwa chotsatira:

• mafuta amayaka
• kuvulala kwamakina (mabala amisala),
• mankhwala amayaka (ingress ya acid acid kapena alkalis),
• pyoderma (purulent matenda opatsirana),
• dermatomycoses (matenda a fungal, kuphatikizapo lichen),
• khungu neoplasms,
• mawonetseredwe am'deralo a matenda ena opatsirana ndi autoimmune (chifuwa chachikulu, syphilis, sarcoidosis, discoid lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, etc.).

Muzochitika izi, malo owonongeka amatengera matenda oyamba. Pomwe ikupita patsogolo, malowa amawonjezeka, ndipo alopecia yakumaloko imakhala yathunthu. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamachitidwe opatsirana komanso autoimmune. Khungu pazinthu izi nthawi zonse limasinthidwa. Pali chisindikizo, peel kapena kusintha kwina kwa matenda.

Alopecia areata

Alopecia areata amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati matenda odziimira okha omwe sagwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya alopecia. Amadziwikanso kuti pelada, ozungulira kapena alopecia (monga mawonekedwe odziimira, osangotanthauza za kutanthauzira). Njira zoyambira matenda amtunduwu sizikumveka bwino. Pakuphunzira zambiri, ndizotheka kudziwa zinthu zina zomwe zingakhudze momwe matendawa amathandizira. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu azaka zapakati pa 20 mpaka 40 nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi alopecia areata, koma amathanso kuchitika mwa achinyamata. Mwa anthu opitilira zaka 50, matendawa ndi osowa.

Pakadali pano, akukhulupirira kuti mawonekedwe a alopecia areata amayamba chifukwa cha izi:

• chibadwa - M'banja, abale amwazi amakhala ndi matenda ambiri kuposa anthu wamba,
• matenda obwera mthupi - Nthawi zambiri odwala amadwala ma antibodies a organic kapena mawonekedwe ena a autoimmune process (Hashimoto's chithokomiro, vitiligo, nyamakazi ya mafupa, etc.),
• matenda opatsirana - matendawa amawonedwa kawirikawiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osakhazikika opatsirana (caries, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, ndi zina).
• psychosomatic factor - Kawirikawiri amatchulidwa mu ana ndipo amakhala ndi mawonetseredwe a kupsinjika kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kupsinjika kwa malingaliro (mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwakukhudzana ndi izi),
• endocrine chinthu - monga momwe ziliri ndi mitundu yambiri ya alopecia, momwe ma mahomoni a chithokomiro komanso mahomoni ogonana amuna amalingaliridwa,
• zovuta zamagazi - ndi atherosulinosis kapena mavuto a m'mitsempha yamutu, chakudya chamafuta am'mitsempha chamagazi chimachepa (ngoziyo imakulanso ndi matenda amtima komanso kupuma),
• kusowa chakudya m'thupi - mu tsitsi likugwa mu odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa, nthaka ya zinc imachepetsedwa ndipo mkuwa umakulitsidwa.

Kutalika kwa matendawa ndi kutukuka kwake ndikovuta kuneneratu. Odwala ambiri amakhala ndi cholinga chimodzi chofuna kuchepetsa tsitsi. Choyamba zimayamba kuonda, kenako nkuchepera. Chowunikacho chili ndi malire omveka bwino, koma tsitsi lomwe lili pamalire a izi ndizowongoka, losalala. Amatha kutulutsidwa popanda kupweteka. Nthawi zina, Zizindikiro zina zimawonedwa m'dera lotayika tsitsi. Mwachitsanzo, pali kuchepa kwa khungu, kumva pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, kutupa pang'ono, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatha pambuyo pa masiku 1 - 2. Khungu la khungu, monga lamulo, silionedwa. Zina, zojambula zatsopano zowonongeka tsitsi zimatha kuwoneka mwa wodwala, osati pamutu pokha.

Matendawa sangayankhe chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali, koma monga lamulo, tsitsili limakula posachedwa. Poyamba amakhala ochepa thupi komanso osalala, koma pang'onopang'ono amakhala abwinobwino.Kukula kwa tsitsi kumatha kubwezeretsedwanso, popanda chithandizo chamankhwala. Zotsatira pafupipafupi pambuyo poti tsitsi limayambiranso kubwezeretsanso kapena kutuluka (tsitsi m'derali ndilopepuka). Nthawi zina, alopecia areata imayamba pang'onopang'ono, foci imakula ndikuphatikizana, zomwe zimayambitsa subtotal, kenako alopecia yonse. Pafupifupi 10% yovomerezeka, odwala amakhala ndi mavuto amisomali yofanana (brittleness, dullness, fragility).

Congenital Alopecia

Congenital alopecia (atrichosis) imakhalapo ngati matenda odziimira pawokha, komanso imaphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zina zobadwa nazo. Poterepa, tikulankhula zakusintha kwa khungu kwa khungu lonse lathunthu kapena kusowa kwa mafelekedwe a tsitsi motero. Monga lamulo, ndi matendawa, tsitsi silikupezeka thupi lonse.

Matendawa amatha kuchitika mwa amuna ndi akazi. Kutalika kwake kumakhala kotsika. Ambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi alopecia akadali obadwa, koma mawonekedwe. Ndi atrihosis, mankhwala othandiza nthawi zambiri kulibe. Mitundu yomwe imayambitsa kupangika kwa ma follicles a tsitsi mu nthawi ya kubereka imakhalapo, kapena mafilowo eni ake amakhalapo, koma sagwira ntchito.

Congenital alopecia ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mavuto otsatirawa:

• Hypopigmentation kapena hyperpigmentation pakhungu (lowala kwambiri kapena lakuda kwambiri)
• kusenda khungu
• makulidwe amtundu wamkhungu,
• kuchuluka kwa khungu
• zonyansa pakukula kwa misomali ndi mano.

Mitundu ndi zizindikiro za matendawa

Masiku ano, dazi la syphilitic lagawidwa m'mitundu itatu:

1. Zoyang'ana zazing'ono. Potere, dazi limagwera pamakachisi ndi kumbuyo kwa mutu, ndikupanga kuyang'ana pang'ono kwa iwo. Kutalika kwa gawo limodzi lotere ndi masentimita 1-2 okha, pomwe mawonekedwe ake samakhala osagwirizana. Zolimbazo zokha zimabalalika m'malo osiyanasiyana osakhudzana. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti tsitsi lomwe limakhala ndi alopecia yaying'ono limatulutsa pang'ono. Kuphatikiza pa kuchepa tsitsi, odwala ambiri amawona kuwonda kwa masharubu, ndevu ndi tsitsi lakumaso.
2. Zovuta. Chiyambireni cha mtunduwu wa alopecia ndi dera laling'ono, pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa komwe kutaya kumapita gawo lalikulu la mutu. Matendawa amtunduwu alibe zikhalidwe zomwe zingafanane ndi syphilis. Matendawa amayamba kudziwonekera pokhapokha atasamutsidwa kapena kufooka kwa matenda oopsa.
3. Zosakanizidwa. Mtunduwu umaphatikiza mitundu yonse yapitayi ya alopecia, momwe makonde amayambira mofulumira komanso mwadzidzidzi. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, kukula kwa tsitsi kumayambiranso miyezi iwiri atatha kusungunuka kwathunthu kwa obwera. Matendawa amatengedwa kuti ndi oopsa komanso osagwira.

Zizindikiro za mitundu yomwe ili pamwambapa ya syphilitic alopecia ndi monga:

• Kufalikira msanga kwa dazi paliponse pamutu.
• Kusapezeka kwa syphilitic zizindikiro.
• Kutayika kwachizolowezi kwa aliyense yemwe ali ndi mbali yamadazi.
• Kuzindikira kovuta chifukwa cha matenda a syphilitic.
• Kuchotsa kwa prolapse pambuyo masiku 10, kufalikira kwa matenda mthupi.

Ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso chapanthawi yake, mzerewo umabwezeretseka kwathunthu pambuyo pa miyezi 6, komabe, zingwezo zimatha kukhala zowuma komanso zowonda.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala munthawi yake kuti ayambe kuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa khosi ndikupanga chithandizo chokwanira chothetsa tsitsi.

Panthawi yozindikira, katswiriyo azindikiritsa ma micosporia ndi zina mwa matenda opatsirana a khungu, komanso kupatula kuchuluka kwamankhwala ena amodzi omwe amapezeka mobwerezabwereza pakalibe chithandizo. Njirazi ndizofunikira kuti zisakuze kukula kwa dazi, koma kuti muzindikire moyenera zomwe zayambitsa.

Ndi mawonekedwe obwereranso, madokotala amalimbikitsa kudula tsitsi mofupikitsa momwe mungathere, potero:

• Chepetsani kupanikizika kwa tsitsi lanu.
• Kuchulukitsa magazi kufikira mizu.
• Imathandizira kusuntha kwa magazi m'malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi scalp.

Syphilitic khola mankhwala

Pochiza matendawa, wodwalayo ayenera kutenga mavitamini omwe amachiritsa tsitsi lanu, ndikulimbitsa kukula kwa zingwe. Pakadali pano, kukonzekera kwa pakamwa, mafuta onunkhira ndi mafuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa kulowetsedwa. Komanso, mwachangu zochizira zimaperekedwa ndi physiotherapy, ultrasound ndi mafunde ena, omwe amadziwika ndi madokotala omwe ali ndi mitundu yayikulu ya ma pathologies a tsitsi.

Munthawi yamankhwala, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa zomwe adotolo adachita, komanso malamulo ena osamalira tsitsi:

• Ndikofunika kutsuka tsitsi lanu kamodzi pakapita masiku awiri kuti sebum isamatseke khungu.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza tsitsi lanu pafupipafupi, pomwe simukung'amba khungu, komanso osakankhira mano molimba kumadera omwe akhudzidwa.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osamalira tsitsi sikulimbikitsidwa, popeza amakhumudwitsa khungu ndi kuvala kapangidwe ka tsitsi ndi zida za mankhwala.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za syphilis yachiwiri

Kuyamba kwa syphilis yachiwiri imawoneka ngati mawonekedwe a pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba zosiyanasiyana zotupa. Zinthu zake ndizosiyanasiyana, koma mutha kudziwa mawonekedwe ake pamtunda ndi katundu wake:

1. zotupa zimafalikira paliponse, syphilis yachiwiri imadziwika ndi kufalitsa njirayi,
2. yoyipa: zotupa pang'onopang'ono popanda kuwononga khungu ndi mucous nembanemba
3. kusowa kwa malungo,
4. chotupa chikuwonekera pakhungu labwinobwino ndipo chatuluka bwino.
5. zinthu sizimayenderana ndi zomverera (kuyabwa, kupweteka, paresthesias),
6. mithunzi yofiira yotupa (chitumbuwa, chofiirira chamkuwa, cyanotic ndi ena),
7. Kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa totupa,
8. kupatsirana kwambiri kwamatenda am'mimba komanso zotupa, kutanthauza kupatsira anthu ena,
9. kuzimiririka kwadzidzidzi kwa maziko okhazikika,
10. zabwino serological zochita (Wasserman reaction).

Matendawa ndi osakhazikika, pali magawo atatu a syphilis yatsopano: yatsopano (koyambirira), kubwereranso (kuyambiranso), nyengo yaposachedwa. Pakusowa chithandizo, totupa zimasowa pakatha masabata 2 mpaka 10, ndipo patapita nthawi zimawonekanso. Ndi kupitilira kwa njirayi, mafunde amtsogolo omwe ali ndi totupa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe:

1. kuchuluka kwa totupa kumachepa ndi gawo lililonse latsopano,
2. kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo pakubwezereranso,
3. Zinthu zotupa zimayikidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana.
4. zidzolo zimatchuka kwambiri m'malo a mikangano ndi kukakamizidwa.

Zigawo za sekondale yachiwiri ya khungu ndi mucous membrane zimatchedwa yachiwiri syphilis ndipo zimagawika m'magulu: papular, spotty (roseolous) ndi pustular. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi syphilis yachiwiri, pigmentation ndi kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi zimawonedwa.

Roseola zidzolo

Ma Roseols ndi mawonekedwe a mtima wozungulira wozungulira mpaka masentimita awiri ndikufalikira pafupi ndi thunthu. Malire a mawanga ndi opepuka, ndiwosalala, osakweza pamwamba pakhungu. Utoto wa zinthuzo umasinthasintha kuchokera kufiira owoneka bwino koyambirira mpaka pinki yapinki pamafunde am'tsogolo a totupa. Masamba amakhala owala ndi mikangano, amatenga mankhwala a vasodilator, amazimiririka ndi kupanikizika. Ngati roseola adakhalapo kwa milungu yopitilira 3, hemosiderin imayikidwamo, ndipo imachita khungu, kusuwa, kenako kusiya kuzimiririka.

Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wakale kwambiri wa zotumphukira za roseola, mitundu yosowa yotsatirayi imasiyanitsidwa:

1. Roseola (exudative, ndikukweza, urticar) ndi gawo lachigawo choyamba cha syphilis yachiwiri. Amayamba kutuluka pamwamba pakhungu ndipo amafanana ndi zotupa m'miyendo. Koma roseola, mosiyana ndi zovuta zonse, siziphatikizidwa ndi kuyabwa.
2. Flaky roseola amasiyana ndi classical nandolo pamaso pa kubowola mozama padziko.
3. Roseola ya follicular (punctate, granular) imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ofiyira ofiira pakamwa pakatikati pa tsitsi.
4. Kukhetsa roseola kumawonekera pamaso pa profash totupa pa gawo loyambirira la syphilis yachiwiri. Ziphuphu zakumaso zomwe zimagwirizanirana ndikupanga mawanga akuluakulu a erythematous.

Zotupa papular

Tizilombo tambiri tosanjikizana ("Beetta kolala")

Mapapu okhala ndi syphilis yachiwiri amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe opakika, amakwera pang'ono pamwamba pa khungu. Kukula kwake kumasiyanasiyana kuchokera kuzinthu zazing'ono, zozungulira (1-2 mm) mpaka zofanana ndendende (mainchesi 1-3) ndi zinthu zopangidwa mwaluso (zoposa 3 cm). Zotupa za papular zimasiyananso mtundu: kuchokera ku pinki-kufiyira mpaka cyanotic. Poyamba, pamwamba pa phokoso lanu ndi losalala, pomwe limayamba kukula. Hyperkeratosis pakatikati pa zinthu zotumphukira pang'onopang'ono zimazimiririka, ndipo peeling imangopezeka kokha kufupi kwa zolembazo. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe apamwamba a syphilis yachiwiri amapangidwa - "Beetta kolala". Mapapu akafalikira m'mbali mwa kukula kwa tsitsi, chizindikiro china chodziwika bwino cha syphilis chimapangidwa pamutu - "korona wa Venus". Kutupa kwa papular kumafalikira gawo lililonse la thupi, ndi funde loyamba lachiwiri la syphilis, cholumikizira sichimalumikizana ndipo sichimagwirizana.
Palinso mitundu ya atypical ya zotupa zapapa:

1. Mapapa a seborrheic amadziwika ndi maonekedwe achikasu pamaso pa chodikirira, ndipo zinthuzo zimapezekanso pamalo a "seborrheic" pakhungu: pamasaya, kutsogolo, pamphuno ndi pachifuwa. Zingwe zimakonda kuphatikizana ndikupanga madera akulu akulu.
2. Mapapu a Psoriasifomic ndi ofanana ndi malo opangika ndi psoriatic chifukwa cha masikelo oyera oyera. Zolowera siziphatikiza ndipo sizimakonda kufalikira.
3. Cockard papular syphilis amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a papule lalikulu, pomwe zinthu zazing'ono zazikazi zimawonekera.
4. Lysant syphilis amapanga pomwe mapepala ang'onoang'ono amabalalitsidwa mosankha mozungulira kuwonekera kwakukulu.
5. Ma papile a Macerated (erosive) nthawi zambiri amakhala padera pakhungu lalikulu, m'chigawo cha pakati ndi pakati pa zala. Izi zimakonda kuphatikizidwa, ndikupanga zolakwika zazikulu ndi m'mphepete zopanda pake.
6. Fomu yotakasa (ya masamba) ya masamba ena pamalo omwe mapangidwe amakokoloka. Awa ndi magawo omwe ali ndi malo osasinthika, omwe amakonda kufalikira.
7. Syphilis ya Palmar-isplas imasiyanitsidwa ndi kutengera kwa magulu amipapu pazanja ndi kumapazi.

Syphilis yachiwiri nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa ndi chopingasa cha roseole-papular.

Zotupa pustular

Wosakhudzika pustular syphilis

Zotupa zamtunduwu masiku ano zimapezeka pokhapokha ngati zikuphwanya chitetezo chathupi (ndimatenda a kachilombo ka HIV) ndipo zimayendera limodzi ndi syphilis. Ziphuphu zomwe zingachitike pakhungu zimatha kukhala zosasinthika kwa miyezi yopitilira 3.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya zotupa pustular ndi syphilis yachiwiri:

1. Syphilis yodziwika imakhazikitsidwa m'malo a scalp, nkhope ndi malo omwera. Pamwamba papepala lofiirira kapena lamkuwa, ma pustule okhala ndi tayala loonda akuwonekera mkati mwa masiku 3-4, kumapeto kwake komwe kumatsalira kolowera mkati. Mafupa amatsegulidwa, kukokoloka kwa purulent kumakhalabe m'malo awo.
2. Nthomba syphilis ndi zinthu za hemispherical mpaka 1 cm kukula ndi umbilical kukhumudwa pakatikati ndi mkombero wa hyperemia. Monga m'badwo wa syphilide, kutumphuka kwa purulent kumapangika pansi, komwe kumakhalapo kwa miyezi 1.5.
3. Syphilitic ecthyma - kapangidwe kamalowerera kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko azizindikiro za kuledzera kwakukulu ndi kutentha thupi, zomwe sizichitika kawirikawiri pachikhalidwe chachiwiri cha syphilis. Pakati pakulowetsedwa, malo ophatikizika ndi minyewa amapangika ndimagulu wamagazi omwe amasintha kukhala mabulawuni a bulauni. Ectima imakonda kukula kwa kufalikira komanso kufalikira mkati mwa khungu, chifukwa imachiritsa, imasinthidwa ndi minofu yaying'ono.
4. Syphilitic rupee ndi njira yovuta kwambiri ya syphilitic ecthyma. Vutoli limakonda kukula mwachangu ndikufalikira kuzama khungu. Pambuyo poti njirayi ithe, ziphuphu zokhala ndi utoto zimatsalira.

Matenda a nkhumba

Syphilitic leukoderma amatchedwa cholinga cha kuperewera kwa khungu pakhungu. Masamba ali kumbuyo kwa khosi, ndikupanga "khosi lakhosi la Venus."

Kutha kwa pigment ndikosakhalitsa, zotupa zimatha kukhala pakhungu pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Cholinga chakuchepa kwa khungu la khungu limatengedwa kuti ndi mphamvu ya treponem pamitsempha ya khosi, zomwe zimayang'anira kukhazikitsa melanin.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa mucous nembanemba

Kugundika kwamkamwa ndimatumbo am'mimba ndikofunika kuti matenda azindikirika. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zomwe zimatulutsa mwachangu pakamwa pakamwa zimathandizira kuti kufalitsa kachilombo ka HIV kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina ndi kupsompsona, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu wamba zodula.

Treponema imatsutsana ndi matendawa (syphilitic tonsillitis), khwangwala, pamwamba pa lilime komanso mkati mwake mwa masaya. Poterepa, kufupika kwa mawu, kutupika kwa matanthwe osapweteka pomwe kumeza kumatha kuchitika.

Kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati

Kufalikira kwa hemato native wa treponemas kumabweretsa kutupa mu ziwalo zonse zamkati: gastritis, hepatitis, nephritis, zosadziwika bwino zotupa za meningeal nembanemba ndi matenda ena. Mu syphilis yachiwiri, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri sizimayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zamankhwala, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo kumapezeka pokhapokha pakuwunika kwa matenda.

Chidziwitso cha Syphilis Pathogen

Syphilis - matenda omwe amadziwika ndi odwala ambiri monga zinthu zakale.

Komabe, ziwerengero zakufufuza zamankhwala zati matendawa afala kwambiri masiku ano. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuti musunge chitsimikizo.

Matendawa amatuluka ngati ma penti treponema, kachilombo kakang'ono kamene kamazungulira, ndikalowa m'thupi.

Matendawa amatanthauza matenda opatsirana pogonana. Koma sizingakhudze ziwalo zokha, komanso ziwalo zina za thupi. Chifukwa cha izi, matenda a zam'mimba amatchedwa systemic.

Ndi mankhwala osayenera kapena kusakhalapo kwathunthu, syphilis imakonda kugwira ntchito. Imatha kukhudza dongosolo lamanjenje mosasinthika, popanda kukhoza kuchira komanso ngozi yayikulu ya kufa.

Syphilis ndi matenda ovuta kuchiza, omwe amapezeka kangapo.

Nthawi yoyambayo matendawa sapezeka. Popeza amadziwika ndi maphunziro otsika, kusakhalapo kwathunthu kwa madandaulo.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, wodwalayo amalowetsedwa kwa dokotala nthawi yachiwiri kapena yapamwamba. Pakadali pano, zizindikiro zoyambira za m'mbali zimawonekera m'thupi ndi syphilis.

Pale treponema imafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu makamaka wogonana mosadziteteza. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitingakhale ndi moyo zachilengedwe.

Ndikothekanso kutenga kachilombo ka njira yolumikizirana pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati mutanyalanyaza malamulo aukhondo.

Kuchulukitsa kwa matendawa kumatenga pafupifupi masabata atatu. Ngati chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka chilimba mokwanira, makulitsidwewo amatha kuwonjezereka mpaka masiku 100-120. Kusintha kotereku mu nthawi ya makulidwe kumapangitsa kuti matenda azindikire.

Alopecia ndi syphilis

Kuwonongeka kwa scalp ndikutembenuka komwe kumayamba ngati matendawa atapita kale kwambiri. Matendawa anali osachiritsika ndipo sanalandiridwe mankhwala othandizira antibacterial kuti athetse matendawa.

Pafupifupi, zizindikiro zoyambirira za alopecia zimawonekera miyezi 6 matenda atadwala. Nthawi imatha kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuchepa ngati chitetezo chafowoka.

Kuchepetsa tsitsi kumatha kukhala koyang'ana komanso kuyambitsa.Kusintha kwakhalidwe kumakhala kofala, monga madokotala amanenera. Amakula monga makina osavuta.

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe talowa m'thupi timasintha zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khungu lisinthe. Zotsatira zake, ma follicles a tsitsi amakanidwa kuti azitha kudya mokwanira, kusamutsa michere tsitsi. Zotsatira zake ndizodziwikiratu: maselo amayamba kufa m'mizere yamafuta. Tsitsi limatha, koma lina silingathe kukula nthawi imeneyi, chifukwa mawonekedwe ake ndi osaneneka.

Diffuse alopecia imayamba ngati thupi limakhala ndi vuto kwa nthawi yayitali kuchokera ku poizoni yemwe amatulutsidwa m'magazi ndimtundu wotupa wa treponema. Choyamba, wodwalayo amawona kuti tsitsi likuchepera kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi akachisi. Kuchokera m'malo awa kuti njira yothetsera tsitsi imayamba ndi mawonekedwe osokoneza bongo a alopecia chifukwa cha matenda opatsika ndi treponema wotumbululuka.

Dokotala, akumuyesa, angaone zotupa zazing'ono zomwe sizikhala ndi mawonekedwe. Pafupifupi mainchesi amachokera mamilimita ochepa mpaka 4-5 cm. Zowoneka bwino siziphatikiza, zimapangidwa ndi tsitsi lowoneka bwino.

Komanso, wodwalayo samadandaula za kupweteka kwa khungu, samadandaula za kuyabwa ndi zizindikiro zina zosasangalatsa. Khungu silikupezekanso, zizindikiritso za matumbo sizimadalira kupezeka kwa tizilomboti tili ndi thupi.

Tsitsi pamutu pa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo limawoneka ngati ubweya wadyedwa ndi njenjete.

Chizindikiro choterechi ndizovuta kusokoneza ndi chilichonse. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa syphilis pakuchepa tsitsi koyambitsidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Mlandu wachiwiri, kuyabwa kwa khungu kumatha kukhalapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri odwala amadandaula chifukwa cha kusweka.

Katswiri wodziwa zam'madzi amatha kudziwa kuti fungus ikagwera kunja, tsitsi limadulidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kufupika kwawo. Kuchepetsa tsitsi nthawi zambiri kumayamba mwadzidzidzi, popanda zofunikira zilizonse.

Mwa oyimilira ogonana mwamphamvu, chizindikirocho chimadziwonetsa nthawi zambiri kuposa akazi. Pafupifupi, m'modzi mwa amuna anayi omwe ali ndi syphilis amadwala tsitsi.

Cicatricial alopecia yokhala ndi syphilis imapanganso. Njira yonyalanyazidwa kwambiri imatsogolera pakusintha kwamtundu wamtundu wa tsitsi. Pali kuwonjezeka kwa kuwuma kwawo, kuuma kwawo, ndi kuwuma mopitirira muyeso osati kwa maupangiri okha, koma tsitsi lonse lonse.

Syphilis: Kutayika kwa tsitsi kwinakwake

Nthawi zambiri kuchokera kwa odwala ku ofesi ya dokotala, funso limakhala kuti mwina tsitsi la pubic limatha chifukwa cha syphilis. Inde, madokotala amati izi ndizotheka.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuphatikiza alopecia kumakhudza chivundikiro osati pamutu pokha, koma thupi lonse. Nsidze, ma axillaries, ndipo nthawi zina miyendo imavutikanso.

Ngati sichinali kokha scalp yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi matenda a pathological, adokotala ali ndi chifukwa chofotokozera kuti matendawo amawanyalanyaza kwambiri. Izi zimatchedwa alopecia ophatikizidwa.

Kutaya kwa nsidze ndi chizindikiro cha matenda amtundu wa treponema, wotchedwa tram-mtundu syphilis. Dzinali limafotokozedwa mophweka. Popeza kuti kupendekera kwa nsidze nthawi zambiri kumawonekera bwino, kumatha kuwonekera ngakhale pa mayendedwe apagulu.

Zowona, lero, chifukwa chakudula kwa nsidze, zizolowezi zojambulajambula, syphilis ndizofala.

Payokha, madokotala amasiyanitsa chizindikiro cha Pincus. Pankhaniyi, alopecia imakhudza matope a wodwala. Amayamba kufanana ndi masitepe pakuwoneka kwawo.

Ena mwa ma eyelashes ndiwotalikirapo, ndipo ena, m'malo mwake, amafupikirako. Kutayika kwa tsitsi pa ndevu ndi masharubu okhala ndi syphilis mu kugonana kwamphamvu sikachilendo. Zizindikiro mu nkhaniyi sizosiyana kwambiri ndi classical alopecia ya mutu. Amabweretsa zovuta zambiri, chifukwa amachepetsa chidwi cha munthu.

Madokotala amati mankhwalawa amadzimadzi amadziwika kuti ali ndi nthawi yachiwiri ya matenda.Pankhaniyi, mapangidwe ndi mapilitsi ndi ma pustules pakhungu la wodwalayo. Izi zimavulaza ma follicles a tsitsi, salola kuti tsitsili likule bwino, likukula komanso kudya. Mwachilengedwe, mababu opanda mphamvu amafa, tsitsi latsopano silikula.

Syphilis ikayamba, kuchepa kwa tsitsi

Kutayika kwa tsitsi ndi syphilis ndi funso lodziwika lomwe limatha kumveka kuchokera kwa odwala pakadokotala.

Madokotala amadziwa kuti zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuchepa tsitsi zimawonekera pambuyo poti matenda awonekeranso zina.

Poyamba, wodwala sangazindikire kupatuka. Popeza, makamaka, thupi limataya ulusi wocheperako tsiku lililonse.

Komabe, kupita patsogolo kwa matenda am'magazi kudzatsogolera kukuwonjezeka kwa nyumba zomwe zidakhazikika kale. Pankhaniyi, tsitsi limakula pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi kutuluka, zomwe zimatsogolera ku mawonekedwe a foci a dazi.

Pafupifupi, kuyambira mphindi ya matenda apakhungu a treponema, mpaka kukula kwa alopecia, miyezi 4 mpaka 6 yathunthu idutsa. Mwachilengedwe, njirayi imatha kuthamanga ngati thupi la wodwala silitha kudziteteza kwathunthu ku matenda. Mchitidwewo umachepetsa ngati thupi la wodwalayo limalimbana molimbika ndi wothandizira wa matendawa.

Kutalika kwa mapangidwe a alopecia kumachitika chifukwa chakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatenga nthawi. Mankhwala okwanira ayenera kutulutsidwa kuti apange chithunzi cha matendawa. Treponema amafunikanso kuchulukitsa mokwanira kuti apange zizindikiro zina za matenda.

Kodi tsitsi limadzeranso kumbuyo ngati limagwa ndi syphilis

Pali mwayi woti regrowth - funso lina lomwe dokotala angamve kuchokera kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto la syphilis.

Madotolo amati ngati munthu ayamba kuchiza matenda oyamba munthawi yake, adzabwezeretsa tsitsi lake moyenera. Pafupifupi, kubwezeretsa kumatenga kuyambira mwezi umodzi ndi theka mpaka miyezi iwiri. Nthawi zina, nthawi yochira imatha kutenga nthawi yayitali.

Olemba ena ali ndi chidziwitso kuti kukula kwa tsitsi kumatha kuyambiranso panthawi yomwe syphilis idzachokerakuyamba kupita ku tertiary. Komabe, pankhaniyi, kuchira kumakhala kwakanthawi, kosakwanira.

Madokotala amati chithandizo cha alopecia popanda mankhwala a treponema wotumbululuka sichothandiza. Sipangakhale chanzeru kuchitira chizindikiro popanda kuchotsera chomwe chikuwonekera.

Madokotala amatha kuuza wodwalayo kuti kutaya chivundikiro kutha pakatha milungu iwiri. Pambuyo mankhwala enieni a matenda okhala ndi antibacterial mankhwala amayamba. Mankhwala munjira iliyonse amasankhidwa payekhapayekha.

Matenda a Syphilis

Syphilis ndimatenda omwe sadziwika ngati zizindikiro za alopecia zikuwonekera. Kupatula apo, kutaya kwa kugonana kumatha chifukwa cha matenda ena. Chitsanzo ndi matenda oyamba ndi khungu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusiyanitsa mitundu yokhudzana ndi kusokonekera kwa ma hormone kumafunika.

Kugonana koyenera kumatha kutaya tsitsi nthawi yapakati. Izi sizikuwonetsa chitukuko cha syphilis mwa iwo, koma osachichotsa, ndikofunikira kukumbukira.

Choyambitsa china chamadazi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo osankhidwa bwino, kudziyang'anira nokha kwa mankhwalawa. Oncological pathologies, matenda a chiwindi amathanso kuyambitsa kusintha kwa khonde.

Odwala omwe ali ndi syphilis wokayikitsa ayenera kuyesedwa kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa pathogen m'thupi. Monga zinthu zazikulu phunziroli, magazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amawunika pogwiritsa ntchito PCR, ELISA ndi njira zina. Pokhapokha ngati mawonekedwe amtundu wa treponema atatsimikizika m'thupi, adokotala amatha kupereka mankhwala. Ngati treponema kulibe, kupatula zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda.

Madokotala amayang'ana kwambiri kuti nthawi zina ndikofunikira kupatula mtundu wamtunduwu kuti ukhale dazi.

Ndi dokotala uti amene angathandize polimbana ndi matenda a syphilis

Syphilis ndimatenda ovuta. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti odwala samadziwa nthawi zonse kuti apempha thandizo ndani. Chilichonse ndichopepuka.

Choyamba, ndi mawonekedwe a zokayikitsa, kuphatikiza khola, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dermatovenerologist. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kupita ku dermatovenerologist wokhala ndi dazi pokhapokha ngati pali zina za syphilis sikulankhula.

Dermatovenerologist adzatha kuyesa maliseche ndikuzindikira zomwe zikutsatira. Adzalemba maphunziro ofunikira kuti azindikire treponema wotumbululuka m'thupi.

Ngati chipatala chili ndi syphilitologist, mutha kulumikizana naye. Syphilitologists amakhazikika pokhapokha pochiza, kuzindikira komanso kupewa syphilis. Koma katswiri wopendekera motere sakhala m'm zipatala zonse.

Dermatovenerologist kapena syphilidologist, mwakuwona kwake, amatha kukopa madokotala a mitundu ina. Mwachitsanzo, mungafunikire kufunsana ndi katswiri wofalitsa matenda opatsirana, mycologist yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito matenda a fungus. Ngati ndi kotheka, trichologist yemwe akukumana ndi mavuto amawonongeka tsitsi amaphatikizidwa posankha chithandizo.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito dazi mu syphilis

Njira zochizira khansa ndi syphilis zimakhazikitsidwa makamaka ndikulimbana ndi thupi la mtundu wa treponema.

Ndizosatheka kusiya ntchito ya alopecia mpaka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda atawonongedwa.

Kuti athane ndi matendawa, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a antibacterial sipekitiramu, omwe matenda amayambukira. Maziko a chithandizo chamakono ndimakonzedwe angapo a penicillin. Popeza treponema amawaganizira kwambiri.

Zokonda za dokotala zimaperekedwa kwa benzylpenicillins, popeza sikuti amangothandiza, komanso kukhala ndi zovuta zochepa. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa komanso kuchuluka kwa kayendetsedwe kake amasankhidwa kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha.

Onetsetsani kuti mwawunika mukalandira chithandizo mothandizidwa ndi mayeso kuti mutsimikizire kuti matendawa agonjetsedwa. Ngati treponema yotumbululuka ikapitirira m'thupi, chithandizo chamankhwala chimadziwika kuti sichothandiza, njira yatsopano yamankhwala imasankhidwa.

Kuphatikiza pa antibacterial othandizira, wodwalayo amapatsidwa ma immunostimulants omwe amafulumizitsa kuchira. Komanso, ma prebiotic omwe amateteza kugaya chakudya m'matumbo oyipa.

Dokotala angalimbikitse physiotherapy, mavitamini ovuta.

Autoimmune Alopecia

Alopecia yamtunduwu ndizosowa kwambiri. Kulephera mu chitetezo chamthupi ndikomwe kumayambitsa tsitsi. Mapuloteni ena mumabowo amatsitsi amayamba kudziwika ndi thupi ngati matupi achilendo. Ma antibodies amapangidwa motsutsana nawo omwe amatsutsa mwachindunji ndikuwononga masamba. Zotsatira zake, kukula kwa tsitsi kumasokonezeka ndipo alopecia imachitika.

Nthawi zambiri, kuphwanya koteroko kumachitika pambuyo pa matenda, limodzi ndi kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni. Nthawi zina mtundu uwu wa alopecia umayamba pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana. Dazi nthawi zambiri limasokoneza chilengedwe, popeza kapangidwe ka tsitsi limafanana, ndipo ma antigen omwe amayenda ndi magazi komanso kudzera mu kulowetsedwa mu minofu amatha kufikira gawo lililonse la thupi.

Nthawi zina alopecia imachitika chifukwa cha matenda ena a autoimmune - systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, sarcoidosis ya pakhungu, ndi zina zotere. Alopecia iyi imatchedwa molondola, osati autoimmune.

Hormonal alopecia

Hormonal alopecia ikhoza kuphatikizira khola mu matenda otsatirawa:

• Matenda a Bazedova (thyrotoxic goiter),
• Matenda a Simmonds
• Hashimoto's autoimmune chithokomiro,
• Alopecia wodwala matenda ashuga
• mavuto azaku kugonana.

Seborrheic alopecia

Mwa seborrheic alopecia amatanthauza kuchepa kwa tsitsi chifukwa cha matenda a pakhungu la seborrhea. Ndi seborrhea, zotupa za sebaceous pakhungu zimasokonekera, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi kutsekeka kwa khungu ndipo nthawi zina (koma osati kwenikweni) kuchepa kwa kukula kwa tsitsi kapena tsitsi. Pankhaniyi, njirayi imasinthidwanso, popeza matendawa satsatiridwa ndi kuwonongedwa mwachindunji kwa tsitsi. Pali zovuta ndi kagwiridwe kake.

Amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zotsatirazi zimatha kupangitsa kuti seborrhea ipite patsogolo ndi alopecia yotsatira:

• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
• kunyalanyaza zaukhondo
• kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni (kuphatikiza kulera),
• matenda osagwira khungu
• kupsinjika pafupipafupi
• maulendo angapo (kusintha kwanyengo),
• Hypothermia kapena kutenthedwa kwa khungu.

Seborrhea nthawi zambiri imawoneka muunyamata ndipo imayendera limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a ziphuphu kumaso. Komanso, pazizindikiro zomwe zikutsatira, ndikofunikira kuzindikira mawonekedwe a khungu (mawonekedwe a dandruff), kuyabwa kwa khungu, mafuta a sheen a pakhungu. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amatsogolera tsitsi, lomwe limayamba kale kumapeto kwa matendawa.

Matenda a alopecia

Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo amawona kuti ayamba kutaya tsitsi lochulukirapo kuposa kale. Ichi chimakhala chifukwa choyamba cholumikizirana ndi katswiri. Dokotalayo amathandizanso wodwalayo kuti adziwe njira zina zomwe zingayambitse vuto la alopecia. Zitatha izi, kusanthula kwakatsatanetsatane ndi kafukufuku kumachitika komwe kumathandizira kuzindikira mtundu wa njira ya pathological.

Kuyesedwa kwathunthu kwa wodwala ndi alopecia kumaphatikizapo njira zotsatirazi:

• Kuyang'ana koyang'ana m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwalo. Kugwiritsa ntchito chokulitsa mwapadera, adokotala amawunika madera omwe tsitsi limatsalira. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ngati pali zizindikiro zotsatana ndi zotupa za khungu (peeling, kutupa, etc.). Ndikofunikanso kudziwa ngati kukula kwa tsitsi la mfuti kumawonedwa.

• Kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu - kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi, maselo oyera am'magazi, mapulateleti ndi gawo la erythrocyte sedimentation. Zizindikirozi zimatha kupatuka ndimatenda amtundu ndi poyizoni.
• Mapazi amwazi - ndi kukakamiza kutsimikiza kwa mulingo wa ALT, AST, bilirubin, shuga wamagazi (glucose), cholesterol ndi alkaline phosphatase. Zizindikirozi sizofunikira kokha kuti muzindikiritse matenda, komanso kusankha mankhwala oyenera.
• Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa syphiliskupatula alopecia monga imodzi mwazowonetsera syphilis yachiwiri. Nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa pamene angapo foci amawoneka pamutu.
• Chiyeso cha mahormoni a Cortisol - chofunikira kuwerengetsa mlingo wa mankhwala a mahomoni.
• X-ray ya chigaza - chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa mahomoni chimatha kukhala kusintha mu tchire. Monga lamulo, kuwonjezera pa alopecia, wodwala amakhalanso ndi zizindikiro zina.
• Kusanthula kwa mahomoni akuluakulu - chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro, prolactin. Kusintha kwamitundu iyi kumawonetseranso zovuta ndimatumbo.
• Ma microscopy a tsitsi. Kwa kusanthula, wodwalayo amachotsa tsitsi zingapo m'mphepete mwa gawo la alopecia. Pambuyo pake, katswiriyo amasanthula mosamala kapangidwe ka tsitsi.
• Rheoencephalography (REG) - kudziwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu ziwiya za chigaza ndi ubongo. Kuchepa kwa magazi kumatha kukhala chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa alopecia areata.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pochita maphunziro onse omwe ali pamwambapa safunika. Dokotala wopezekayo amayamba kupereka mankhwala kuti, mwa iye, akhale othandiza komanso wotsika mtengo kwa wodwalayo. Pokhapokha ngati zifukwa sizingadziwike ndi chithandizo chawo, angasinthira ku njira zotsika mtengo kwambiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonsezi pamwambapa sikufunika kwenikweni, koma kumatha kuzindikira zakuphwanya ndikuwonetsa mwachindunji kapena mosadziwika bwino zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa koposa 95% ya milandu.

Kodi ndi dokotala uti amene amathandizira alopecia?

Kuzindikira ndi kuchiza alopecia nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi dermatologists kapena trichologists. Mwambiri, dera lomwe limayesa tsitsi ndi khungu limatchedwa trichology. Chilango ichi chili pamgwirizano wamankhwala komanso zodzikongoletsera. Kupeza katswiri wazabwino kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake pamigawo yoyamba yazidziwitso, dermatologists nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa - akatswiri pazovuta zamatenda pakhungu palokha komanso zowonjezera zake (tsitsi, misomali). Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngati alopecia ndi chizindikiro kapena mawonekedwe a khungu, ndiye kuti ndi dermatologist yemwe angathane bwino ndi chithandizo cha wodwalayo.

Ngati ndi kotheka, akatswiri omwe ali m'mapulogalamu otsatirawa atha kutenga nawo mbali pazithandizo za alopecia:

• endocrinologists - mukazindikira matenda a mahomoni kapena mavuto,
• madokotala - kukonza magwiridwe antchito,
• rheumatologists - ngati alopecia yapanga njira za autoimmune,
• azachipatala - angafunikire kuti pakhale chithandizo chokwanira cha alopecia mwa ana,
• othandizira - nkhawa ikapezeka kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zingakhumudwitse,
• akatswiri azakudya - amatenga nawo mbali pakufunsana za vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kapena kupezeka ndi vuto la metabolic,
• alibwino - kukonza mavuto azodzikongoletsa ndikubisa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa,
• azamalamulo - nthawi zina amafunikira achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la alopecia.

Chifukwa chake, madokotala azachipatala nthawi zambiri amakhala madokotala oyamba omwe odwala amapita kwa iwo. Komanso, atakhazikitsa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, madotolo ena nawonso amatenga nawo mbali.

Chithandizo cha androgenetic alopecia

Chithandizo cha androgenetic alopecia nthawi zambiri chimabwera pansi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni omwe amatseka ma receptor a dihydrotestosterone kapena kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwake. Potere, mankhwalawa akhale osiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Mlingo wa mankhwala ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito amawerengedwa pamaziko a kusanthula (malinga ndi zomwe ma mahomoni osiyanasiyana m'magazi).

Mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza androgenetic alopecia:

• kukonzekera kochokera azitsamba okhala ndi antiandrogenic kanthu (chronostim, tricostim, 101G),
• minoxidil 2 - 5%,
• finasteride (ya amuna) 1 mg patsiku,
• cyproterone acetate - azimayi,
• Amayi amathanso kutumikiridwa popereka njira zakulera za pakamwa Diane-35 kapena Silest.

Chithandizo chotere chimayenera kumwedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kwa miyezi ingapo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni kumatha kupereka zotsatira zoyipa zosiyanasiyana. Kusiya chithandizo nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti tsitsi liyambenso kugwera. Kuchira kwathunthu kumatha kuchitika ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kwasinthidwa chifukwa cha matenda. Ngati pulogalamu ya majini ikukwaniritsidwa chifukwa cha ukalamba, ndiye kuti chithandizo chimayenera kutengedwa mosalekeza kusunga tsitsi. Zimathandizanso pambuyo pakusintha tsitsi, popeza imateteza tsitsi losinthidwa kuti lisawonongeke nthawi isanakwane.

Chithandizo cha alopecia areata

Chithandizo cha alopecia areata sichimapereka zabwino nthawi zonse, chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa sichidziwika. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala othandizira amatetezedwa chifukwa cha zovuta zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Kuthandizira immunotherapy ndi mavitamini amathandizanso.

Ndi alopecia areata, chithandizo chotsatira ndi mankhwala:

• kuchotsa kwa matenda oyamba ndi matenda (caries, tonsillitis kapena otitis media, etc.),
• Mavitamini B,
• Kukonzekera kwa multivitamin (novofan, revusive, fitoval, vitrum, etc.),
• immunostimulating othandizira (isoprinosine 50 mg pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku, mu 4 waukulu),
• glucocorticosteroid mankhwala - malinga ndi zikuonetsa,
• Chithandizo cha PUVA - chithandizo cha zida zoyendera ndi radiation ya ultraviolet, njira ziwiri mpaka zitatu pa sabata,
• dalargin intramuscularly 1 mg 1 nthawi patsiku,
• zinc oxide kapena zinc sulfate - mkati,
• pentoxifylline pakamwa 0,1 ga kawiri pa tsiku,
• mafuta odzola ndi mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito atayimitsa tsitsi (vasodilators, cignolin 0,5 - 1%, mafuta a glucocorticosteroid, minoxidil 2 - 5%),
• kwanuko betamethasone njira,
• amathandizira kuthetsa mavuto amanjenje ndi intracranial anzawo (zotchulidwa ndi neuropathologist atatha kufunsana).

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuchira kumatha kuchitika zokha, mutachotsa chithandizo. Ndikovuta kwambiri kulosera pa magawo oyamba momwe kukula kwa tsitsi kudzayamba. Komabe, mwa odwala achichepere, posakhalitsa, kuchira kumachitika mu 80 - 90% ya milandu.

Kodi alopecia amatha kuchiritsidwa?

Pakadali pano kapangidwe ka mankhwala, sizinganenedwe kuti pali mitundu yosagwirizana ya alopecia. Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amatha kusiyiratu tsitsi. Mavuto amatha kuchitika ndi acicatricial alopecia, pomwe minyewa ya tsitsiyo imawonongeka kapena imakulidwa ndi minofu yolumikizika. Kenako mankhwala osokoneza bongo adzakhala opanda ntchito, ndipo mudzayenera kusinthira tsitsi.

Mavuto ena amakhalanso ndi vuto la androgenetic alopecia mwa amuna pambuyo pa zaka 40. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuchepa kwa tsitsi pamenepa nthawi zambiri kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku majini ndipo nkovuta kuti siyimitse. Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala a mahomoni omwe amathandiza kwambiri amatha kukhala ndi mavuto ambiri.

Kupatsidwa tsitsi kwa dazi

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nthawi zambiri, njira zosinthira tsitsi la tsitsi zimasinthika, chifukwa chake, chithandizo chamankhwala chopatsa mphamvu ndi mankhwala sichimapereka momwe mukufunira. Pankhaniyi, pali yankho lavuto - kupatsirana tsitsi. Popeza tsitsi la parietal ndi mbali zam'mutu za m'mutu nthawi zambiri zimachepera ndikugwa, nthawi zambiri matumba ang'onoang'ono akhungu amachokera m'malo amtunduwu. Kukutira uku kumagawika kukhala mbali zosiyana ndikuyika pambali. Popeza mawonekedwe amatsitsi omwe ali pachiwonetsero chaopereka amasungidwa, ndikusintha bwino, tsitsi limasungidwa. Kusintha kwamtunduwu kumapereka kugawanika kwa tsitsi kumutu ndipo ndi kothandiza kwa focal alopecia.

Njira ina yosinthira ndi njira yophatikizira ya follicular. Poterepa, zida zapadera zimachotsa ma follicles kumalo opereka ndikuziyika kumalo a dazi. Chifukwa chake mutha kudulira tsitsi kumutu kuchokera kumadera ena a thupi. Kuchita bwino kwa njirayi pakuwongolera zipatala kumafika 95%. Ngati tikulankhula za cicatricial alopecia, ndiye kuti opanga opanga pulasitiki amachotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'mbali mwa dazi, chifukwa siyokwanira kuyika ma follicles (ali ndimitsempha yochepa).

Mukamayamwa tsitsi ndikudulira tsitsi, zotsatirazi ziyenera kudziwika:

• kupangidwa kwa zipsera ndi zipsera m'malo mwa woperekayo pochotsa zotupa.
• kusowa kwa tsitsi m'masabata oyamba kutalikirana kukhathamiritsa (komabe, khungu likazika mizu, pakatha miyezi ingapo, kukula kwa tsitsi kumayambiranso),
• Kusintha pang'ono mu mtundu wa tsitsi lowonjezedwa ndi njira ya follicular ndikotheka,
• Ndikovuta kwambiri kusamutsa tsitsi lochulukirapo kuti zitsimikizike kukula kwake (sikuti masamba onse amayamba kuzika mizu),
• njira yopatsirana yopanga masamba imagwirabe ntchito mtengo wokwera mtengo,
• Mukasinthira tsitsi mwa njira ina iliyonse, koma osawululira chifukwa chomwe kumayambira kumayambira, ndiye kuti tsitsi limatsukanso.

Kodi wowerengeka azitsamba amawonongeka bwanji?

Pali zithandizo zambiri za wowerengeka zomwe zitha kuthandizira pakuthothoka tsitsi kuchokera ku khungu. Komabe, kugwira ntchito kwawo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofanana.Alopecia imatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mankhwala aliwonse azikhalidwe nthawi zambiri cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa amodzi okha. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazi popanda kufunsa dermatologist kungakhale kopanda phindu. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito masks opatsa thanzi sizikupanga tanthauzo lalikulu ngati zomwe zimayambitsa khola ndi njira yopatsirana, ndipo mosemphanitsa.

Komabe, mwambiri, mukazindikira zomwe zimayambitsa kusowa kwa tsitsi ndikusankha koyenera maphikidwe, chithandizo cha wowerengeka chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri. Komanso, amalimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri ambiri ngati wodwala ali ndi zotsutsana (mwachitsanzo, ziwengo) zochizira mankhwalawa. Amakhulupirira kuti imodzi mwazithandizo zothandiza kwambiri pamakhola ndi adyo.

Njira zotsatirazi wowerengeka azitsamba adyo:

• Kusinthana gruel ndi adyo yosenda ndi anyezi yosenda. Gruel imazunguliridwa tsiku lililonse, usiku, kuphimba malo omwe atsalira tsitsi ndi woonda wosanjikiza wa gruel.
• Madzi a Aloe amasakanikirana ndi msuzi wa adyo pamiyeso yofanana. Pambuyo pake, onjezani uchi pang'ono. Osakaniza amapaka tsitsi lowonda musanatsuke mutu kwa mphindi ziwiri kapena zinayi. Pambuyo pake, amatsuka tsitsi lawo ndi shampu wamba.
• Madziwo amasefedwa kuchokera ku gruel wa adyo. Kupitilira apo, kutengera mtundu wa tsitsi (lomwe limayamba ndi alopecia), mafuta a masamba amawonjezeredwa. Kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 50% ya kuchuluka kwa madzi a adyo. Ndi tsitsi louma, kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumakhala kwakukulu, komanso ndi mafuta - ochepa.

Garlic imakhala ndi mafuta ofunika, vitamini C, mankhwala a sulfure ndi michere ina yambiri. Zina zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda opha tizilombo, mwanjira zina zimadyetsa khungu ndi zinthu zofunika kuziwonera. Chifukwa cha izi, ma follicles a tsitsi amayenda bwino. Komabe, chithandizo ndi othandizawa ali ndi mwayi wambiri. Fungo lokhumudwitsa lomwe limakhala vuto kwa odwala, popeza ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chotere kwa nthawi yayitali.

Njira ina yothandizira adyo ndi awa:

• Kutengeka kwa mizu ya burdock. Mizu yake imakulungidwa mumphika ndikudzazidwa ndi madzi (mpaka imakwirira mizu kwathunthu). Mphika umayatsidwa pamoto wosakwiya kapena mu uvuni ndikuwuphika mpaka mizu yophika. Kenako msuziwo umachotsedwa pamoto ndikuwukonza pomwe umazizira. Zosakaniza zosakanikirana zimayikidwa pa tsamba la dazi kawiri pa tsiku.
• Msuzi wa buckthorn. 100 g yamadzi am'madzi amtundu wa zipatso komanso 100 g ya nthambi zocheperako (zokhala ndi masamba) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala chulu. 200 ml ya madzi otentha amawonjezeredwa ndikuyamba kusakaniza ndi kuwiritsa kwa mphindi zina 7-10. Pambuyo pozizira, misa yomwe idayambayo imazipukutira kumizu ya tsitsi ndikusiyira theka la ola. Kenako chigoba chimatsukidwa ndi madzi ofunda. Ngati kuchepa kwa tsitsi kumayambitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa michere kapena kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, zotsatira zake zidzaonekera pakatha masabata awiri machitidwe a tsiku lililonse.
• Kulowetsedwa kwa calendula. Calendula inflorescences amathiridwa ndi mowa wamphamvu kapena mowa wothira muyeso wa 1 mpaka 10 kulowetsedwa kumachitika mchombo chotsekedwa mwamphamvu kwa maola 24. Momwemo kulowetsedwa kumawonjezeredwa ndi kapu ya madzi owiritsa (supuni 1 pagalasi) ndikuledzera kawiri pa tsiku.
• Maluwa a Linden. Supuni 5 za maluwa a linden zimatsanulira 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha komanso ozizira. Momwe kulowetsedwa kumatsukidwa ndi tsitsi mutatsuka.

Malangizo omwe ali pamwambawa angathandize kuti muchepetse njira yopanda dazi. Komabe, ngati tsitsi lidagwa kale chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni kapena ma pathologies ena, njirazi sizikhala ndi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Kenako muyenera kufunsa dermatologist kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe zimayambitsa alopecia ndikuyamba mankhwala.

Kodi kupewa khonde ndi chiyani?

Popeza ndi mitundu yambiri ya alopecia (mwachitsanzo, ndi alopecia areata), zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa sizikumvetsetsa bwino, palibe njira zenizeni zotetezera.Kuti muchepetse matendawa, muyenera kuonetsetsa chisamaliro cha tsitsi ndikuyesa kupatula zinthu zingapo zomwe zingawafooketse.

Malangizowa akutsatiridwa chifukwa cha kupewa alopecia:

• kutsuka tsitsi pafupipafupi pogwiritsa ntchito shampoos zopatsa thanzi kapena mankhwala ena osamalira tsitsi,
• Valani zipewa pakuzizira komanso kutentha kuti muteteze khungu ku kutentha kwambiri,
• Chithandizo cha matenda osachiritsika
• pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe angayambitse alopecia,
• kulumikizana ndi dermatologist kapena trichologist pachiwonetsero choyamba cha kutayika kwambiri kwa tsitsi.

Popeza nthawi zina njirazi sizimateteza ku alopecia, ndipo chithandizo sichingaphule kanthu, muyenera kulumikizananso ndi akatswiri odziwa zodzikongoletsa komanso opaka tsitsi munthawi yake. Atha kuthandizanso pakusintha kwa chithunzichi kuti mawonekedwe awatenda awoneke pang'ono. Ndi alopecia areata mu achinyamata, thandizo la katswiri wamaganizidwe lingafunenso. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yambiri yamatendawa imapangitsa kuti tsitsi lizisowa kwakanthawi, ndipo kuchira kumatha kuchitika mosadzipangitsa, pafupifupi mphindi iliyonse.

Kodi kuchepa kwa tsitsi ndikotani?

Mwambiri, palibe chikhalidwe chimodzi chotsalira cha tsitsi chomwe chimakhala choyenera kwa anthu onse. Chowonadi ndichakuti kuchepa kwa tsitsi ndi kukula ndi njira yachilengedwe yokhazikika, yomwe imapangidwa ndi zinthu zambiri. Chizindikiro ichi chimatha kusiyanasiyana tsiku ndi tsiku. Pafupifupi, kutaya kwa tsitsi mpaka 150 kumayesedwa ngati chinthu wamba tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo munthu wathanzi kwambiri amatha kutaya 40-50. Komabe, kupitilira muyeso wa tsitsi la 150 sikusonyeza nthawi zonse.

Mukamawerengera kuti tsitsi limatayika, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• mwa anthu okhala ndi tsitsi lofiira, mwachitsanzo, tsitsi limalowerera ndipo limagwa laling'ono kuposa, mwachitsanzo, mu blondes,
• Tsitsi limayamba kuthothoka ndi kusinthasintha kwakadyedwe, pomwe thupi limasinthana ndi chakudya chatsopano,
• Pambuyo pamavuto akulu amisala, munthu amatha kutaya tsitsi pafupipafupi katatu, koma izi zimangotenga masiku 1-2,
• kuwerengera kuti tsitsi limatha kumachitika m'mawa nthawi zonse kuphatikana, chifukwa ndikatsuka tsitsi lanu nthawi yambiri tsitsi limatsika nthawi, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zopanda tsankho.
• Tsitsi m'mbali zina za thupi limagwera m'mitundu ingapo,
• kuwerengera kuchepa kwa tsitsi sikuyenera kuchitika pakumwa maantibayotiki kapena mankhwala ena amphamvu.
• M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri kapena nthawi yotentha kwambiri tsitsi limathothoka.
• kukongoletsa tsitsi, kuwongola, kupindika kapena kukakoka nthawi zonse kumakunga mchira kapena mchira kumathandizanso kuti tsitsi lizichitika nthawi imodzi,
• pambuyo pobereka, kuchuluka kwa tsitsi kwakatsiku ndi tsiku kumakulitsidwa mpaka 400-500, ndipo kumatha milungu ingapo.

Komabe, muzochitika zonsezi, sitikulankhula za matenda, koma za mawonekedwe abwinobwino a kunja ndi mkati mwathupi lathanzi. Inde, ndikuwonjezera kwakukulu kwazomwezo, mukuyenera kuonana ndi dermatologist kapena trichologist. Ndi chithandizo chawo, munthu amatha kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa tsitsi lomwe latayika, koma kusintha kwawo. Kusanthula mosamala za kuchepa kwa tsitsi kumatha kunena zambiri zakusintha kwa thupi m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri, tsitsi silimagwa ndi muzu, maupangiri awo amakhazikika mawonekedwe ake (musagawike, musagawike, etc.). Kukhalapo kwa zosinthazi kukuwonetsa kuyamba kwa dazi, ngakhale wodwalayo atafikira tsitsi lalitali pafupifupi 100 patsiku.