A Iroquois ndi anthu omwe amakhala m'chigawo chapakati cha USA ndi Canada. Mtunduwu ndi wotchuka osati chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo, komanso mbiri yawo yosangalatsa komanso miyambo. Lero tikukulimbikitsani kuti muthe ulendo wokondwelera kudera lakuya la Nyanja Zabwino ndikuphunzira zambiri za momwe a Iroquois aku America amakhala.
Kodi League wa Iroquois ndi chiyani?
Zikuoneka kuti mu 1570, mgwirizano wa ku Iroquois unayambika pansi pa dzina la Hodenosauni League. Poyamba, mapangidwe awa adaphatikiza mafuko 5: Oneida, Mohawks, Kayuga, Onondaga ndi Seneca. Pambuyo pake, mu 1770, fuko la Tuscarora lotulutsidwa kumwera kwa United States (komwe tsopano ndi East Carolina) adalowa Chipani cha Hodenosauni.
Chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwamakhalidwe ndi zachikhalidwe zamagulu onsewa, Amwenye achi Iroquois adawonekera. Ndizosatheka kupanga mafotokozedwe amtundu wopanda mafuko omwe adakhala gawo la Hodenosauni League. Chifukwa chake, timakhala pamtundu uliwonse mwatsatanetsatane.
Mtundu umodzi
Oneida ndi fuko lochokera ku Iroquois League. Poyamba, mbadwa zake zimakhala kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa New York, kenako ndikukhazikika kumtunda kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Wisconsin (m'dera la Green Bay). "Mwamuna wamwala wosagwedezeka" - ndizomweomwe Iroquois Mmwenye aliyense wochokera fuko la Oneida amadzitcha. Mbiri ya dzinali ndi yolumikizana ndi miyambo yakomweko. Malinga ndi nthano, mkati mwa mudzi waukulu wa Oneida nthawi zonse pamakhala khoma lalikulu lofiira. Mwalawo wakhala chizindikiro chofunikira cha fuko.
Mtundu wa Mohawk
A Mohawks (kapena a Mohawks) ndi a ku North America a amwenye okhala kum'mawa kwa New York. Mu League la Hodenosauni, gululi limatchedwa "oteteza khomo lakummawa." Masiku ano, a Mohawks ndiwo fuko lalikulu kwambiri mu mgwirizano wa Iroquois. Tsopano akukhala m'chigawo cha Ontario ndi Quebec (Canada).
Kuyanjana koyamba kwa fuko la Mohawk ndi azungu kunachitika mu 1634, pamene achi Dutch adalowa maiko aku America. Mohawks kale kuposa ena Iroquois adayamba kuchita malonda ndi azungu.
Mwa fuko la Mohawk kunabwera anthu otchuka monga a Joseph Brant (msodzi mu Gulu Lankhondo Laku Britain yemwe adadzipatula panthawi ya Nkhondo Yakusintha ku US), Kateri Teckwith (Woyera wa Mpingo wa Roma Katolika) ndi Pauline Johnson (wochita sewero komanso wolemba wotchuka ku Canada).
Mtundu wa Kayuug
Poyamba, mtundu wa Kayuga unkakhala kudera la Nyanja ya Kayuga pakati pa anthu a Seneca ndi Onondaga. Masiku ano mbadwa zawo zimakhala ku Ontario (Canada) komanso mumzinda wa Perrisburg (New York, USA).
Wobadwa pa fuko la Kayuga ndi Harry Farmer - wodziwika bwino ku Canada, yemwe adatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mafilimu "Police Academy" ndi "Dead Man".
Mtundu wa Onondaga
Oimira fuko la North American Onondaga amadzitcha "anthu akumapiri." Poyamba, anthuwa adakhala m'magawo kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa New York. Koma pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yakuyimilira ya US, fuko lidathamangitsidwa kumayiko awa ndikulanda madera a Ontario (Canada).
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mu Hodenosauni League, fuko la Onondaga lidachita ntchito za "akulu akulu", ndiye kuti adakhala ndi maudindo akuluakulu mu Union Council.
Kuchokera m'mbiri ya fuko
Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XI, a Iroquois akhala gawo lalikulu pakati pa mtsinje wa St. Lawrence ndi Lake Ontario. Kwa nthawi yayitali amakhala atazunguliridwa ndi mafuko olankhula Algonkin (Ojibwa, Otava, Algonkin) ndikumenya nkhondo kosalekeza kumayiko awo.
The Iroquois League idasunga kulumikizana koyandikira kwambiri ndi achi Dutch. Ogulitsa ku Europe adagula zikopa zokongoletsa kuchokera kumafuko am'deralo ndikuwapatsa mfuti. Anthu onse omata omwe anali pakati pa mtsinje wa St. Lawrence ndi Nyanja ya Ontario atachotsedwa, a Dutch adakantha Iroquois kuti alande malo atsopano. Izi zidayambitsa kuyamba kwa otchedwa Beaver Wars. Mu 1660, Iroquois inayamba kulanda dziko la New France. Dziko la amayi lidathandizira madera ake, chifukwa chomwe mafuko aku North America adayamba kugonja. Pakadali pano, asitikali aku Britain adalanda dziko la Dutch New Netherlands, potero adadula Iroquois kuchokera kwa omwe amagulitsa nawo kwambiri.
Mu 1688, nkhondo ya cholowa cha Chingerezi pakati pa France ndi Britain idayamba. Munkhondo iyi, a Iroquois adagwirizana ndi aku Britain. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuko aku North America adawathandiza pa nkhondo ya Franco-Indian. Mikangano iwiriyi idasinthiratu mphamvu pazaka zonsezo. A Iroquois adadalira kwathunthu kupezeka kwa zida kuchokera ku England.
Iroquois Pankhondo Yodziyimira pawokha
Mu 1775, Nkhondo Yakuyimilira ya US idayamba. Munkhondo iyi, mbali imodzi, Great Britain ndi omvera (mwachitsanzo mokhulupirika ku boma la Britain) adatenga nawo mbali, ndipo mbali inayi, madera 13 aku England. Amwenye ambiri pa nthawi ya nkhondo amateteza kusalowerera ndale. The Great Council of Hodenosauni League nawonso sanalowerere nawo. Komabe, mu 1777, Iroquois adagwirizana ndi Britain. Cholinga chachikulu cha izi chinali chakuti ku England ndiye ankapereka kwambiri zida ku mafuko aku North America. Kuphatikiza apo, olamulira atsamunda amaletsa nzika zawo kukhala kumadera akumadzulo kwa mapiri a Appalachian pofuna kupewa mikangano ndi amwenye.
Nkhondo itatha, Great Britain idasamutsa dziko la Iroquois m'manja mwa US. Munthawi imeneyi, Hodenosauni League inalephela kukhalapo. Gawo la Iroquois linabwereranso kumpoto - kumayiko omwe anapatsidwa korona waku Britain kuti athandizire kunkhondo. Hafu ina ya mafuko a Hodenosauni League adatsala ku New York.
Chuma ndi moyo wa American Iroquois
Chifukwa chake, ndimunthu wosavuta wa Iroquois Indian adakhala ndi moyo? Zinthu za chikhalidwe cha mafuko aku North America omwe amakhala kudera la Great Lakes adapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zakunja. Madera okhala Iroquois kwenikweni amakhala pamakoma a mapiri. Madera amenewa anapulumutsidwa ndi nkhalango zowirira ndipo anazunguliridwa ndi mitsinje ndi nyanja. Mikhalidwe yachilengedwe komanso nyengo yabwino idakhazikitsa mawonekedwe azachuma amitundu yaku North America.
A Iroquois ankakhala m'nyumba zazikulu zazikulu - ovachira. Zinali nyumba za makona anayi okhala ndi madenga ooneka ngati mbiya.
Chomera chachikulu cha mafuko anali chimanga. Minda ya chimanga idakhala m'malo akulu (mpaka 9 km mu radius). Kuphatikiza apo, Iroquois ankalima nyemba ndi dzungu.
Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18, malonda ankhondo ndi ubweya akhala akutukuka kwambiri. Izi zidachitika chifukwa cholumikizana kwambiri komanso kuchita malonda ndi atsamunda. Mitundu yaku North America idapatsa azungu ku zikopa zaubweya, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zipewa za ubweya. Monga lamulo, ntchito yaulimi inkachitika kokha ndi akazi.
Moyo wandale wa Iroquois
M'moyo wandale zadziko la North America, udindo waukulu udalowedwa ndi Hodenosauni League. Mamembala ake ankayenera kukhala mwamtendere pakati pawo. League idatsogoleredwa ndi Council of atsogoleri, yopanga ma salm 50. Mamembala ake amasankhidwa ndi amayi a mabanja. Zisankho za khonsolo zimakambidwa mosiyana ndi fuko lililonse, kenako lingaliro limodzi linapangidwa. Mtsogoleri aliyense angaweruze. Zisankho zoyambirira za Khonsoloyi zidakambidwa ndi a Mohawks, kenako a Seneca ndi Oneida, omaliza a Kayuga ndi Onondaga.
Malamulo onse ndi miyambo yonse ya mafuko a Hodenosauni League adalembedwa mu Buku la Lamulo Lalikulu. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti Constitution ya US idapangidwa pazomwe zalembedwera.
Kapangidwe ka mafuko aku North America
Gawo lalikulu la mayanjidwe a Iroquois anali gulu lomwe mutu wake ndi mayi. Mamembala ake anali ndi gawo limodzi la minda ndi ulimi. Fuko lililonse linali ndi dzina la fuko lawo. Monga lamulo, zinkalumikizidwa ndi dzina la nyama. Amayi onse amtunduwu adatenga nawo gawo pama khonsolo. Pamisonkhano yake, ma shelemu - mamembala a Council of atsogoleri - amasankhidwa.
Kuphatikizika kwa mafuko kungaphatikizepo kuyambira 10 mpaka 3 genera. Chifukwa chake, ku Seneca, Onondag ndi Kayug, analipo asanu ndi atatu, ndipo ku Mohoka ndi Oneida - 3 aliyense.
Maonekedwe a Iroquois
Mmodzi wamba waku America Iroquois, yemwe chithunzi chake chikuwonetsedwa pansipa, mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira masiku ano, sanavale diresi la Iroquois. Amuna ndi atsogoleri amitundu, monga lamulo, amete tsitsi lawo lonse. “Chotseka” pang'ono kokha ndi chomwe chatsala.
A Iroquois adawoneka ngati wankhondo pokhapokha atachita zankhondo ndi zikondwerero zofunika kwambiri zachipembedzo. Mawonekedwe atsitsi, omwe amangofanana ndi makongoletsedwe amakono, amavalira mtundu wa Onondaga. Anameta tsitsi lawo lonse, ndikungotseka kaching'ono mkati mwa mutu, komwe kenako adakakulunga.
Zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo
Poyamba, maziko a chipembedzo cha Iroquois anali chikhulupiriro chazonse - chikhulupiriro mwa mphamvu zauzimu zauzimu. Nyama zinkakhala ngati masinthidwe amtunduwu, zimagwira ntchito zoteteza panthawi yazidani, kulima modzitchinjiriza komanso kusaka. Mwachitsanzo, a Mohawks, akupita kunkhondo, ananyamula chovala chamanja chosonyeza mbali yayikulu ya fuko.
Zipembedzozi pambuyo pake zinadzapeza tanthauzo la mafakitale. A Iroquois ankakhulupirira kuti fuko liyenera kusaka nyama yake yonse. Pamenepa, chipembedzo chazimbalangondo chinali chotchuka kwambiri pakati pa amwenye aku North America.
Kuphatikiza apo, m'moyo wachipembedzo wa Iroquois, miyambo yaulimi idakhala yofunika kwambiri. Mafuko anali kupembedza ndi kupembedza dzikolo, kuwapatsa mphamvu. Chotchuka kwambiri chinali chipembedzo cha "Asista Atatu-Anamwino" - mbewu zazikulu (chimanga, nyemba ndi dzungu).
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti a Iroquois, pamaso pa mafuko ena aku North America, adakumana ndi chiphunzitso Chachikhristu. Chipembedzo cha ku Europe pakupita nthawi chakhala gawo lofunikira m'miyoyo yawo. Pakadali pano, a Iroquois amati ndi Chikristu.
Luso lankhondo la Iroquois
Gulu la Hodenosauni litakhazikitsidwa, gulu lankhondo la mafuko omwe adagawanika kale lidakula kwambiri. Asanakumane ndi azungu, zida za Iroquois zinali ndi uta ndi mivi, nthungo ndi chibonga. Kuphatikiza apo, adagwiritsa ntchito zishango zamatabwa zomwe zimateteza thupi la mutu, mutu, ndi miyendo. Kuyamba kwa malonda achidwi ndi Adatchi kudapangitsa kuti asinthe moyo wawo wamitundu yaku North America.
Azungu adawagwiritsa ndi mfuti ndi zokumbira. Komabe, zatsopanozi sizinatenge nthawi yomweyo njira zodzitetezera za Iroquois (uta ndi mivi). Kuyambitsidwa kwa mfuti kunaphatikizapo kutayidwa kwazishango zamatabwa. Kuyambira pamenepo, Iroquois nayenso adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yankhondo - njira yobalalikirana kudera lankhondo.
A Iroquois anali otsogola kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano kuposa mafuko ena aku North America. Izi zimathandizidwa makamaka ndi kulumikizana kwambiri ndi azungu.
Mavinidwe achikhalidwe achikhalidwe cha Iroquois
Pa chikhalidwe cha mafuko a Iroquois, omwe ali ndi mafuko ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana, pali zovina zingapo zachikhalidwe. Kwa zaka zambiri, mafuko asonkhana m'malo osiyanasiyana kumavina, kuimba ndikusangalala limodzi. Mitundu yambiri yovina yomwe imachitika nthawi ya "Nyimbo Yapadziko Lapansi" ndi Iroquois.
Nyimbo za Padziko Lapansi
Zovina zachikhalidwe za Iroquois ndimacheza paphwando, pomwe Amwenye amachita zovina zachikhalidwe ndikuimba nyimbo zokhudzana ndi Dziko Lapansi. Nyimbo zitha kukhala zosiyana, koma mavinidwe onse amachitidwa mbali imodzi. Pafupifupi kuvina kulikonse kumayendera limodzi ndi gulu la olemba omwe amawerengera zikhalidwe m'chinenerocho cha fuko.
Nyimbo ya Earth imagwiritsa ntchito zida zachikhalidwe, monga ng'oma zamadzi ndi zingwe zochokera ku nyanga. Komabe, phokoso ndi kuthamanga kwa nyimbo kumadalira kwambiri momwe ovinawo amalondera mogwirizana mogwirizana ndi mapazi awo pansi kapena pansi. Kupondaponda kwamapazi kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:
Stomping mwachizolowezi - ovina amasuntha miyendo yawo, ndikuyamba ndi phazi lamanja. Miyendo yakumanzere imalumikizidwa kumanja pakayendedwe ka zovina pamalopo.
Gawo lotsatira mwatsatanetsatane - miyendo imakonzedwanso mbali mwatsatanetsatane. Izi zimachitika ndi azimayi okha.
Nsomba ndi gawo limodzi lokha lomwe limachitika mu kuvina kwa nsomba zokha. Amakhala ndi kupondaponda ndi phazi lililonse kangapo mzere.
Mitambo itatuyi imapezeka mu Nyimbo zingapo zosiyanasiyana za Dziko Lapansi, zambiri zomwe zimapezeka masiku ano.
Mndandanda wamasewera oyambirira a Iroquois:
- Dansi la Alligator
- Chovina cha Cherokee
- Kuvina nkhuku
- kuvina kwa msuweni
- Delaware khungu kuvina
- Dance of the Dacians
- Kuvina
- Dansi laubwenzi
- Gule wa Garter
- Dance moccasin
- Nyimbo yatsopano yachikazi yakuyenda
- Kuvina chakumpoto
--Vinavina moccasin wakale
- kuvina kwa njiwa
- zovina Kalulu
- Dansi la Raccoon
- Dance of Robin
- Gule wovina
--Vina kuvina kwamtchire
- Dance Stick Dance
- kuvina kwa utsi
- Dance of the Standing Quiver
Iliyonse mwa mavinidwe awa imasimba nkhani yokhudzana ndi dzina lavina. A Iroquois ali ndi nthano zambiri zomwe zimakhudzana ndi nyimbo zambiri zokhudzana ndi Dziko Lapansi.
Mbiri Iroquois
Tsitsi lidayamba kudziwika kuti limalemekeza fuko la Amereka kumpoto kwa America omwe amakhala ku Oklahoma ndi Ontario. Malo okhala amakono amakhala ndi bata, koma makolo awo anali ankhondo ndipo adamenya nkhondo ndi mafuko osiyanasiyana. Kuti awonetse mphamvu zawo ndi kupanda mantha, Amwenyewo adakweza tsitsi lonse ndikukasunga ndi mawonekedwe apadera amkati, omwe amapanga kuchokera ku khungwa la mitengo. Pambuyo pakukonzekera kwodalirika, amapaka tsitsi lawo m'zithunzi zowala, zomwe nthawi zambiri zinkawopsa adani. Tsitsi ili linalankhula zaukali wa fuko komanso kukonzekera kumenya nkhondo mpaka kumapeto.
Popita nthawi, a Iroquois adayiwalika, koma m'zaka za XX adapeza omwe amawakonda pamaso pa punks ndipo anali wokonzeka. Mitundu yopanda tanthauzo yomwe idatulukira mu 70s idapanga fano lawo kuchokera kuzinthu zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino, zomwe zinali zisonyezo zakupanduka ndi kuwononga maziko achikhalidwe. Mawonekedwe a tsitsi ankachitidwa pa tsitsi lalitali komanso lalifupi. Ngakhale pamenepo, mitundu ingapo yatsopano ya Iroquois idawonekera, yomwe si anyamata okha, komanso atsikana, omwe adagwira ntchito pamitu yawo. Womangirira chikopa chachikulu ndi madzi, mowa kapena njira zina zokonzera.
Monga mukudziwa, mafashoni amakono nthawi zambiri amabwerera komwe adachokera kapena kubwereka zina ndikuwonetsa zatsopano pamaziko awo. Izi zinali choncho ndi Iroquois. Ma stylists akatswiri adasintha ndikuwonjezera tsitsi kuti likhale gawo la chithunzi chamasiku onse, chosiyanitsidwa ndi kalembedwe komanso kukoma kwambiri. Mitundu yambiri ya Iroquois yakhala yolekerera komanso yosavuta pakuwonekera kwawo, ndipo kusiyanasiyana kwina kwapangitsa kuti mafayilo azikhala ngati oimira m'malo ovomerezeka.
Mtundu wamtundu wa India womwe udasankhidwa, Iroquois nthawi zonse imawonedwa ngati mawonekedwe amodzi.
Ndani akumeta tsitsi
Iroquois, yotchedwanso Mohawk, tsopano ndi tsitsi lamakono komanso lothandiza kwa amuna ambiri. Zosankha zina zimawoneka zopanda nkhanza, koma ngakhale zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula mawonekedwe a tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kutalika kwa tsitsi kumasiyana pakati pa masentimita 2 mpaka 5. Kusankhidwa kwa kukula kwake kutengera zomwe amakonda kasitomala. Whisky ameta kwathunthu kapena kudulidwa posachedwa. Titha kunena kuti tsitsi ili ndilibe miyezo.
Kumeta tsitsi kwa Amereka ku America kuyenera kusankhidwa poganizira mtundu wa munthu:
- Samalangizidwa kuti apange anthu okhala ndi nkhope yopapatiza kapena yotalika, yomwe amapitilirabe.
- Komanso, eni chibwano chaching'ono chokhala ndi masisitini akuluakulu ayenera kukana kumeta. Iroquois imangowunikira zoipa zomwe zili mwanjira iyi.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi nkhope yopyapyala amatha kutetemera motetezeka.
- Anthu a Chubby ayenera kusankha Mzere wozungulira, popeza njira yopapatiza imawoneka yopusa.
Pa tsitsi loonda komanso locheperachepera, mohawk sangagwire bwino ntchito.Poterepa, muyenera kufunsa okonza tsitsi yemwe angathandize kuthetsa vutoli ndi tsitsi lachilendo. Kuti muwoneke bwino, ambiri amakula ndevu, zomwe zimayenda bwino ndi tsitsi lodabwitsa.
Aliyense amasankha kusintha komwe kumakhala kosavuta kuti athe kupirira. Kwa anyezi tsiku ndi tsiku, Mohawk wachidule ndi woyenera, komwe kukongoletsa sikofunikira. Ndi kukonza koyenera komanso kwamtundu wapamwamba, tsitsili limasungabe mawonekedwe ake oyamba mpaka kumapeto kwa tsiku. Iroquois wautali amasankhidwa ndi anthu olimba mtima komanso ojambula omwe ali ofunitsitsa kuthera nthawi yayitali pakupanga ndi kukonza kwamtambo wapamwamba. Nthawi zambiri mtundu uwu umaphatikizidwa ndi akachisi ometedwa kapena oyera. Izi ndi njira yoyenera yothandizira pazidziwitso.
Kusiyana kwina kwa Iroquois kumatha kudabwitsa ndikusokoneza omvera ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso otsimikiza, ena amatha kupereka chithunzi chofewa komanso chikondi, pomwe ena amatha kudabwa ndi chic ndi kukongola. Wopakidwa utoto wowala, mohawk amadabwitsa ndi mawonekedwe achilendo komanso olimba mtima. Paphwando kapena chikondwerero, tsitsi lodula kwambiri lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa kapena kuwongolera ndi koyenera. Kusintha kwamakono kwa tsitsi lalifupi kudzakhala yankho labwino kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe a chilimwe.
Mitundu ya tsitsi
Tsitsi la amuna la mohawk lili ndi mitundu yambiri. Itha kukhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe. Mtunduwu umasankhidwa kutengera chithunzi chomwe mukufuna.
Zakale. Whisky nthawi zambiri imametedwa kwathunthu. Kutalika kwakutali kosiyanasiyana kumayendetsa pakati pa mutu. Classics imachitidwa kuma curls oongoka kapena opindika, koma chachiwiri, tsitsili liyenera kukhala lopanda, mwinanso litilo silisintha komanso losowa. Ndi tsitsi lopotapotana, mbali zake ziyenera kudulilidwa, koma osametedwa, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe onse azigwirizana.- Mwachidule. Ma mohawk achidule a amuna ndi otchuka kwambiri masiku ano. Tsitsi lothandiza ndilothandiza tsiku lililonse, bizinesi ndi madzulo kunja. Mini-Mohawk ili ndi magawo omveka bwino: Mzere umapangidwa kuti ukhale 2 cm, ndipo kutalika kwa zingwezo kumatsalira pa 4 cm, kotero tsitsi ili nthawi zambiri limafanana ndi mpeni wowoneka bwino. Tsitsi lalifupi limakulungidwa kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kumbali. Gawo la occipital limasulidwa kwathunthu. Kutalika kwa wopondaponda kumasankhidwa poganizira mawonekedwe a nkhope ndi thupi. Felese imatha kutalikitsa kuti mawonekedwe ake onse azioneka owoneka bwino.
- Kutalika. Kusintha kotereku ndiko kusankha kwa anthu aufulu komanso olimba mtima. Mzere wa tsitsi umayambira pamphumi mpaka kumbuyo, mutu umadulidwa. Matayala olimbirana amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito varnish kapena mousse. Hairstyleyi imawoneka yoyambirira ndi tsitsi lililonse.
- Gothic. Zigawo zakanthawi ndi gawo la occipital ndizimetedwa kwathunthu. Mzere wa tsitsi ukhoza kuwongoledwa kapena kupangidwa ndi chisa. Zingwezo zimakhala zazitali kutalika, koma nthawi zambiri zimakula motalika kuti mohawk ikhale yolimba mtima momwe kungathekere. Pali magulu awiri amtundu wotere - Amereka ndi Siberian. Kwa American Iroquois, Mzere wazonse-4 wam'manja ndi wofanana, ndipo kwa wina waku Siberia, awiri.
Kuphunzitsidwa. Kusintha kwina kwachilendo, komwe ma crest amadulidwa mu masitepe kapena kuyikidwa ndi spikes achilendo pogwiritsa ntchito varnish. Gawo lomwe zingwe zake zimametedwa ndimakonzedwe ndi chizindikiro kapena mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.- Quiff. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo kumeta tsitsi m'malo osakhalitsa. Zingwe zazitali kutalika pakorona zimasandulika tsitsi lalifupi kumbuyo. Tsitsi losavala moyenera limafanana ndi nyemba yofupikitsidwa. Mohawk amapangika ngati mtundu wokwera, womwe umagwera pamphumi.
- Glam chic. Mohawk chotere sichimafunikira kumetedwa kwa gawo lanyengo. Tsitsi lalitali limamangidwa ndikukhazikika ndi mafuta odzola. Tsitsi limawoneka bwino komanso loyambirira, ndipo ndilosavuta kulipanga ngakhale popanda kumeta.
- Ndi zingwe zokulira. Tsitsi lonyansa limadziwika ndi ma curls ataliatali m'dera la parietal ndi ma bang. Mothandizidwa ndi makongoletsedwe, makulidwewa amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a chisa kapena ma spikes, monga chifanizo cha ufulu. Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umakhala wothandizidwa ndikuwunikira kapena kupanga utoto wowala.
- Wopanga. Mohawk amachitidwa ngati kalasi, koma ndi kuwonjezera kwa mawonekedwe patali. Kumeta kumeneku kumawoneka koyambirira komanso kwapadera. Zojambula zimatha kupangidwa ngati chovala chokongoletsera kapena miyendo ya nyama kapena mbalame, kumbuyo kwawo komwe kumapangidwa ngati chisa kuchokera ku tsitsi lalikulu. Mitundu yotchuka ndi abuluzi ndi ma dragons, omwe nthawi zambiri amapaka utoto wobiriwira ndi mitundu ina yowala. Kumeta kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri mohawk, koma ndikukula msanga tsitsi kuyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.
Zakale. Whisky nthawi zambiri imametedwa kwathunthu. Kutalika kwakutali kosiyanasiyana kumayendetsa pakati pa mutu. Classics imachitidwa kuma curls oongoka kapena opindika, koma chachiwiri, tsitsili liyenera kukhala lopanda, mwinanso litilo silisintha komanso losowa. Ndi tsitsi lopotapotana, mbali zake ziyenera kudulilidwa, koma osametedwa, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe onse azigwirizana.
Kuphunzitsidwa. Kusintha kwina kwachilendo, komwe ma crest amadulidwa mu masitepe kapena kuyikidwa ndi spikes achilendo pogwiritsa ntchito varnish. Gawo lomwe zingwe zake zimametedwa ndimakonzedwe ndi chizindikiro kapena mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.Wamambo mohawk mchitidwewu samasiyana ndi wamwamuna. Kusiyanitsa kokhako ndikuti atsikana ambiri amakonda kumeta tsitsi pakatikati, komwe kumawoneka kogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe onse. Komanso, kugonana komwe kuli koyenera kuyesera kusankha mitundu yomwe mungapange maukongoletsedwe osiyanasiyana.
Kusiyana kwa anyamata
Amuna aang'ono amasamaliranso mawonekedwe awo. Mawonekedwe osavuta omwe amayi amawasankhira akhoza kukhala otopetsa. Mwana mohawk akhoza kukhala yankho labwino kwa mwana. Tsitsi lotere limamupangitsa kukhala wolimba mtima komanso kukhala wolimba mtima.
Nthawi zambiri kwa anyamata amasankha mtundu waufupi, womwe sufunikira chisamaliro chovuta komanso kukongoletsa kwakutali. Tsitsi pankhaniyi silikwera m'maso. M'chilimwe ndi kalembedwe kameneka, mutu wa mwana sukutentha. Iroquois kwa mwana imatha kuchitidwa mwaokha, yomwe ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa tsitsi.
Tsitsi losazolowereka limatha kupanga Mmwenye wamba wamba kwa mwana wamba. Kulenga kutha kuwonjezeredwa ku chithunzicho ndi penti kapena zokongoletsera zometedwa pamakachisi.
Koyenera kuvala
Tsitsi lodabwitsa ndilowoneka bwino, koma si aliyense amene angasankhe izi. Ngakhale ndi mtundu waufupi, mwiniwake amawonekera pagululo. Musanaganize kumeta tsitsi lanu, muyenera kuganizira zotsatirazi.
Masiku ano, ambiri amaganiza kuti Iroquois ndi tsitsi la amuna. Mohawk ndizovuta kusankha chithunzi chachikazi, chifukwa chake atsikana ayenera kuganiza mozama za mawonekedwe atsopano. Ana amasankha tsitsi lalifupi lomwe sangawoneke mopambanitsa.
Mitundu yoluntha ya scallop itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino. Ngati palibe code yovalira mosamalitsa kuntchito, ndiye kuti ogwira ntchito muofesi amatha kugula tsitsi lomwelo. Mohawk wamfupi amatha kuwoneka pa osewera mpira, omenyera, ojambula nyimbo ndi ochita zisudzo. Koma akuluakulu aboma komanso asitikali sangaloledwe kuyenda ndi Iroquois.
Mahairstyle ocheperako, omwe amathandizidwa ndikuwunikira kapena kupaka utoto, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi antchito akufashoni. Oimba nyimbo za rock akuwonekerabe ndi chikopa cha gothic kapena zonyoza. Achinyamata wamba komanso othandizira amasankha zosankha zopanduka, zopaka utoto wowala.
Njira yantchito
Iroquois siivuta kuchita ngati ichitika pa tsitsi lalifupi. Pambuyo kulimbitsa thupi kangapo, kumeta tsitsi kunyumba sikungakhale kovuta ngakhale pamatage apakati komanso aatali.
Kwa ntchito, mudzafunika opaka tsitsi ndi zomata zopota, chopukutira ndi chopukutira, chisa chokhala ndi ma cloves pafupipafupi ndi zida zokumbira. Asanadule, tsitsili liyenera kutsukidwa ndi kupukutidwa.
Magawo a kuphedwa kwa mohawk:
Tsitsi limagawidwa ndikusiya molunjika.- Tsitsi lomwe tsitsi limapangidwira limasiyanitsidwa ndi ma curls ena onse ndikumangirizidwa ndi zingwe kapena zodukiza. Kukula kwa chingwe kumasankhidwa payekha.
- Zingwe pamakachisi ndi kumbuyo kwa mutu kumetedwa ndi makina amagetsi kapena kufupikitsidwa ndi lumo.
- Mizu yamizere yomwe imatsogolerayo imapangidwa mozungulira ngati patali, semicircle kapena lalikulu pogwiritsa ntchito tayipi. Zolakwika zimachotsedwanso pambuyo kumeta tsitsi, zomwe zimayenera kukhala zamagulu.
- Pamapeto omaliza, tsitsi limatha.
Tsitsi limagawidwa ndikusiya molunjika.Tsopano ikungopereka mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. Kuti mupange chisa cholowera m'mwamba, muyenera mousse kapena chithovu. Varnish yolimba mwamphamvu ingathandize kuti maonekedwe a mohawk akhale nthawi yayitali. Gel yokhala ndi chonyowa iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga spikes.
Iroquois sichidakalipo konsekonse, koma ambiri adayesa kale mawonekedwe awo pogwiritsa ntchito chinthu chakale cha Native American. Mitundu yosavuta komanso yosavuta yathandizira kuti amuna ambiri azikonda, ndipo atsikana akungoyamba kuyesa zokopa zokongola mosiyanasiyana. Popita nthawi, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a a Mohawk samangodabwitsanso, komanso chidwi mawonekedwe.
Mbiri ya chilengedwe
Mosiyana ndi malingaliro odziwika kuti Iroquois adapangidwa ndi oimira chikhalidwe cha punk ku England, tsitsi ili lidawoneka kale m'mafuko aku India okhala ndi dzina lofanana ndi Iroquois. Tsopano mbadwa za fuko lino amakhala ku America ku Oklahoma ndi Ontario ndipo amakhala moyo wamtendere.
Koma makolo awo nthawi imodzi, makamaka, Amwenye a Cherokee, m'modzi mwa oimira dzinalo, adatsogolera moyo wankhondo, ndipo Iroquois anali mtundu wa chizindikiro cha kulimba mtima, kuchita zankhanza, kukonzekera kumenyera zigawo zawo komanso moyo wa mabanja awo. Amwenyewo adapanga Iroquois wowala, amawakongoletsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuwonetsa mphamvu ndi zopanda pake. Mwa njira, chinthu chapadera, chofanana komanso chosasinthika ndi utomoni, chidawathandiza kuyika Iroquois.
Chitsitsimutso cha Iroquois
70s ya zaka zapitazi yodziwika ndi kutuluka kwa mitundu ingapo ku Russia komanso kudziko lina. Pakati pawo, chikhalidwe cha punk chinali chowonekera kwambiri. Ma punks omwe amadziwika kuti anali odzaza ndi zovala zokongola komanso yayitali Iroquois wopaka utoto wonse wa utawaleza. Kavalidwe kameneka kakhala chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri komanso chofotokozera. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti madzi ndi shuga zimagwira ngati njira yopangira mohawk, sopo, ndipo pakati pa achinyamata amakono aku Russia pali mphekesera kuti borsch wamba ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri.
Pakati pa oimira odziwika a nthawi imeneyo omwe amasankha Iroquois kukhala tsitsi lapamwamba, munthu amatha kusiyanitsa gulu la The Exploited, wobadwira ku Scotland. Mpaka pano, gulu la Purgen lidakhalabe gawo limodzi lalikulu la dzikolo, pamakonsati ake omwe mungathe kuwona Iroquois pamitu ya oimba okha ndi omvera awo.
Iroquois lero
Masiku ano, omwe akufuna kuvala mohawk sagwiritsa ntchito njira "zakufa" ngati phula kapena borsch, popeza mashelufu osungirako zinthu amawaika m'malo osiyanasiyana okonzanso. Awa ndi ma varnish, ndi ma gels, ndi timisalu ta tsitsi. Kuphatikiza apo, Iroquois monga chizindikiro cha ziwonetsero ndi kulimbana kwakhala kukulephera.
Masiku ano, tsitsi loteroli ndi chizindikiro chabe cha umodzi ndi njira yotsindikizira kalembedwe. Ochita masewera otchuka akunja, oimira masewera komanso kuwonetsa mabizinesi nthawi ndi nthawi amadabwitsa omvera ndi Iroquois ya kutalika, utali ndi mitundu. Ndipo izi zimadziwika pongotsatira mafashoni - palibe ukali kapena kufuna kusokonekera.
